【摘要】 为了改良农作物秸秆制备栽培基质中p H值、EC值偏高,通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度等理化性质不良等问题,研究了在秸秆预处理(堆腐)过程中添加酒糟对基质理化性质的影响。以稻秸秆中混入体积比例20%的菇渣作为基质堆腐处理的对照(CK),采用在高温好氧堆腐及穴盘育苗试验的方法,研究了混入相同比例的酒糟及腐熟物料组配无机物珍珠岩等方法,对基质理化性质、蔬菜幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,在堆腐阶段稻秸秆+酒糟有利于高温堆腐进程,提高堆腐效率。堆腐温度大于50℃的高温维持天数较对照增加14 d,平均堆腐温度较对照增高9.50℃,稻秸秆+酒糟处理最终腐熟物p H值、EC值较对照分别下降15.0%、26.8%。稻秸秆+酒糟腐熟物组配珍珠岩后,进一步降低了EC值(P<0.05),基质物理性质也得到提高(P<0.05),从而促进了幼苗地上与地下部分的生长,稻秸秆+酒糟腐熟物料与珍珠岩的体积比例以7∶3较好。采用稻秸秆堆腐制备基质过程中,加入体积比例20%的酒糟能提高堆腐效率,有效改善腐熟物料中pH值、EC值等不良理化性质,为稻秸秆的基质化利用提供了方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 To improve poor physicochemical properties suchas pH,EC value in the strawcultivating medium,the effects of rice straw pretreatment with distillers grains incomposting on the physicochemical properties of substrate were studied.Straw mixed with 20% mushroom residue was setasacontrol forcomposting(CK),the methods of mixing the same proportion of distiller’s grainsand ripening materials with inorganic perlite were studied.The physical and chemical properties of the substrateand vegetable seedlings were studied.The results showed that during composting the straw + distillers’ grain treatment was beneficial to improve the composting process and efficiency.The duration of temperature>50 ℃ was increasedby 14 days than CK,the average heap rot temperature was 9.50 ℃ higher than control.The final pH and EC value of straw morsels treated with straw + distillers’ grain were decreased by 15.0% and 26.8%.Straw with distiller’s grains compost and perlite significantly decreased EC valueand improved the physical properties suchas vent porosity and water holding porosity(P<0.05).The indexes suchas fresh weight per plant,dry weight per plant,strong seedling index,root dry weight per plant,average diameter of roots were also significantly improved(P<0.05),and the volume ratio of perishable materials and perlite was betterat 7 ∶ 3.During the process of preparing the substrate by straw,the addition of 20% by volume of distillers can improve the efficiency of composting and effectively improve the physicochemical properties suchas pH and EC value of the decomposed material,which providea method for the matrix utilization of straw.更多还原