【摘要】 八达岭森林公园是北京开展自然教育、森林疗养等生态旅游项目的重要基地,也是中国首家通过FSC国际认证的生态公益林区,但长期开展的旅游活动对公园的自然环境产生了一定的影响。为确定旅游活动对森林公园植物群落的影响程度及范围,以八达岭森林公园内3条主要步道为研究对象,垂直于步道设置18条样带,于每条样带中设置3个1m×1m的样方,每个样方距步道边缘距离分别为0,2,4m。测量样方内植物群落的物种组成、盖度、株数、平均株高等指标。计算植物群落多样性、平均盖度减少率、平均高度减少率、植物群落结构变异度、植物群落干扰指数,分析旅游活动对八达岭森林公园植物群落的影响及不同步道间的干扰强度变化。结果表明:植物群落多样性、植物群落盖度、植物群落平均高度由靠近步道至远离步道的方向逐渐增加;植物区系组成距步道越远变异越小;植物群落干扰指数依远离步道的方向逐渐递减,在靠近步道边缘的地区,植物群落的受干扰水平均处于"严重"级别。旅游活动对八达岭森林公园植物群落产生影响,且影响范围主要集中在步道周边,但不规范的旅游活动可能扩大影响范围,可以通过调整规划,加强规范减弱旅游活动对环境的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 BadalingNational Forest Park is one of the most important forest park for eco-tourism projects such as nature education and forest reclamation in Beijing.It’s also the first ecological protection forestthat has passed the FSC international certification in China. In order to study influences of tourism activities on plants in Badaling National Forest Park, 3 main trails were selected and 18 belt transects were set up. Each sampling belt from near to far in the direction of trails is followed by three quadrats,which square is 1 m~2, and the space between each quadrat is 1 m. Types quantities, heights and coverages were recorded. Plant diversity, cover reduction, height reduction, floristic dissimilarity and index of vegetation community impact wereused for analyzing and counting the obtained investigation targets. The results shows as follows: 1)index of plant community, the coverage and the average height of plant community increase gradually as the distance increases along the trails; 2)The floristic dissimilarity declined as the distanced along trail. Index of vegetation impactalso declined as the distanced along the trail. While in areas close to the trails, the impacts levels of plants are on a "severe" level. Tourism impacts the plants in the park, and the impacts mainly limits around the trails, while irregular tourism activities may increase the impact. It is availableto reduce the impact of tourism by adjustingthe managementstrategy.更多还原