【摘要】 辽宁省作为我国花生的主产区之一,普遍存在施肥不均衡的现象,合理配施肥料是提高花生产量和改善花生品质的有效手段。以农花5号为试材,采用大田随机区组试验,在施用一定氮磷钾肥的基础上,设置4个不同钙钼硼肥配比处理:氧化钙75kg·hm^-2（T1）、氧化钙75kg·hm^-2+钼酸铵7.5kg·hm^-2（T2）、氧化钙75kg·hm^-2+钼酸铵7.5kg·hm^-2+硼酸22.5kg·hm^-2（T3）和不施钙钼硼肥（CK）,研究钙钼硼肥的不同配施组合对花生光合生理特性及产量品质的影响。2年的试验结果表明:单施钙肥处理（T1）和钙钼肥配施处理（T2）可以使农花5号花生在结荚期及以后维持较高的叶色值（SPAD值）,显著增强开花下针期和结荚期叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度以及群体光合势,进而提高花生的百果重、百仁重、单株饱果数和荚果产量,其中以T2处理效果最佳,2年产量分别为6438.24kg·hm^-2和6015.47kg·hm^-2,比对照增产13.6%和6.9%,单施钙肥处理（T1）次之,而钙钼硼配施处理（T3）则表现为较对照群体光合势降低和产量减少,两年分别比对照减产3.65%和14.77%;在花生籽仁品质方面,增施中微肥显著或极显著提高了脂肪、亚油酸和蛋白质含量,显著降低了可溶性糖含量,而对油酸含量的影响不显著,其中T1和T2处理的脂肪含量,T1、T2和T3处理的亚油酸含量,T2处理的蛋白质含量均显著或极显著高于对照,而T2和T3处理的可溶性糖含量极显著低于CK处理,T2处理的各品质指标在3个处理中变化最大,其次为T1和T3处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liaoning province is one of the main peanut-producing areas in China. The unbalanced fertilizer application is a common problem. So the fertilizers’ combined application is an effective means to improve the quality and production of peanuts.This study aimed to elucidate effects of Ca, Mo and B fertilizer combined application on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and kernel quality of peanut. There are four different ratios of Ca, Mo and B: calcium oxide 75 kg·hm^-2（T1）, calcium oxide 75 kg·hm^-2+ ammonium molybdate 7.5 kg·hm^-2（T2）, calcium oxide 75 kg·hm^-2+ ammonium molybdate 7.5 kg·hm^-2+ boric acid 22.5 kg·hm^-2（T3）, and the non-calcium molybdenum borous fertilizer were control（CK）. Two-year results showed that the single Ca fertilizer（T1） and Ca + Mo fertilizer（T2） treatment could make the higher Chlorophyll Meter Readings（SPAD Readings） of Nonghua 5 after Pod-setting stages, significantly enhance the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and population LAD of Pegging stage and Pod-setting stage, which enhanced the 100-pod weight, 100-kenel weight, full pods per plant and pod yield. Among them, T2 was the most effective treatment, with the yields of 6438.24 kg·hm^-2 and 6015.47 kg·hm^-2 in two years, and with the increases of 13.6% and 6.9% compared with CK. Ca, Mo and B combined（T3） treatments reduced the population LAD and the yield（3.65% and 14.77%）. In the quality of peanut seed, Ca, Mo and B could enhance the contents of the fat, linoleic acid and protein significantly, the content of soluble sugar was significantly reduced, and the effect of the oleic acid content was not significant, and the fat contents of T1 and T2, the linoleic acid contents of T1, T2 and T3, the protein content of T2. The soluble sugar contents of T2 and T3 were significantly lower compared with CK, and the various quality indicators of T2 were the largest in the three treatments, followed by T1 and T3.更多还原