【摘要】 针对我国海绵城市低冲击开发(LID)普遍缺乏规划指引的问题,制定一种综合考量径流水量削减、水质控制、措施布设潜力等多重影响因素的低冲击布设优化框架,主要包含基于地理信息系统(GIS)的地理分析与空间规划模块,该模块借助GIS水文分析、矢量计算和空间聚合等工具,获取研究区域的水文、用地、水环境约束及措施布设潜力描述、基于模糊综合评价法(FCE)的评级模块,该模块用于构建优先级排序系统,协助海绵城市建设目标在地块内的调控和分配、基于遗传算法(GA)的优化模块,该模块通过计算满足多个目标函数的帕累托(Pareto)最优解集,描述不同分配方案之间的权衡关系,完成地块内LID布设的优化配置。示范区结果表明,提出的规划框架能够实现地块尺度下LID措施的科学选择和布局优化,可为海绵城市建设提供指引。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the lack of planning guidance on low impact development(LID)of sponge city in China,this study formulated an optimization frame of low impact development that comprehensively considered multiple influencing factors including total runoff reduction,water quality control and measures layout potential,and it contained three associated modules:(1)the geographic information system(GIS)-based geographic analysis and spatial planning module:whose GIS-based tools of hydrological analysis,vector calculation and spatial aggregation were used to obtain the constraints of hydrology,land use,water environment and description of measures layout potential;(2)the grading module based on the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE),which was used to establish a priority ranking system to assist the regulation and allocation of the goals and requirements of sponge city construction in subdivision units;(3)the genetic algorithm(GA)-based optimization module:The Pareto optimal solution set satisfying multiple objective functions was calculated,and the trade-off between different allocation schemes was described,then the optimal allocation of LID layout in subdivision units was completed.The results of the demonstration area show that the proposed planning framework can realize the scientific selection and layout optimization of LID measures at subcatchment scale,and provide guidance for sponge city construction.更多还原