【摘要】 高寒草甸是若尔盖高原湿地最主要的牧场资源,高原鼢鼠是当地最主要的鼠类之一,其扰动行为(采食、储食和掘洞)会破坏植物,扰动土壤,形成异质性微生境,从而影响植物群落.于2016年夏季采用植物样方调查法收集该地区高原鼢鼠扰动区域与无扰动对照区域的植物群落特征数据,结果表明:扰动区域共采集到植物24科80种,无扰动区域采集到16科60种,高原鼢鼠扰动后植物群落Shannon-Wiener指数和丰富度指数(R)均有所上升,而Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数无明显变化.同时,相对于无扰动区域而言,扰动区域优质牧草比例下降6. 75%,杂草类比例上升6. 25%.量化研究高原鼢鼠对若尔盖高原湿地草原植物群落动态的扰动效应,可为该地区草地退化治理、可持续利用提供理论依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 Alpine meadow is the most important pasture resource in Ruoergai Plateau Marshes. Plateau Zokor is one of the most important rodents in the local area. Because of the disturbing behavior of Plateau Zokor(eating,storing food and digging holes),plant roots were destroyed,soil properties and nutrient distribution were changed to form new heterogeneous microhabitat,and then the char acteristics of plant community were changed. In the summer of 2016,the plant community characteristics were collected and analyzed in the disturbed and undisturbed areas in Ruoergai Plateau Marshes. The results showed that:a total of 24 families and 80 species of plants were collected in the disturbed area,and 16 species and 60 species were collected from the undisturbed area. After the disturb ance of plateau zokor,the Shannon Wiener index and the richness index(R)increased,while the Simpson index and Pielou evenness index did not change significantly. At the same time,the proportion of high quality pasture(leguminous,gramineous and sedaceae)in the disturbed region decreased by 6. 75%,and the proportion of weeds rose by 6. 25%. The disturbance of Plateau Zokor could cause great changes in the diversity index,species composition and dynamics of plant community in the plateau grassland. The quantitative study on its disturbing effects could provide a theoretical basis for the treatment and restoration of grassland degradation and sustainable utilization of grassland in this area.更多还原