【摘要】 利用黑龙江省1980—2014年28个气象台站常规观测资料,计算得到全省的相对湿润度指数。运用ArcGIS反距离权重空间插值法、趋势系数及相关分析法对全省作物生长季及各个季节干旱分布、干湿发展趋势及主要影响因素进行具体分析。结果表明:就相对湿润度指数年际分布而言,生长季干旱主要集中在2000—2010年,夏季和秋季干旱主要集中在1995年之后,春季干旱则在全时段均有发生,其中重旱和特旱居多;就相对湿润度指数变化趋势而言,春季全省整体呈微湿润化的趋势,冬季呈显著地湿润化发展趋势,其余时段则呈现干旱化发展,但不同时段空间差异显著;分析降雨量、潜在蒸散量与相对湿润度指数的相关系数发现,降雨量始终是黑龙江省生长季及各个季节相对湿润度指数变化的主导因子,但夏季潜在蒸散量的影响有所增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 The relative humidity index of Heilongjiang Province was calculated by using the conventional observations of 28 meteorological stations from 1980 to 2014. The crop growth season,drought distribution,dry/wet development trend of the province,and main influencing factors were analyzed specifically using inverse distance weight spatial interpolation in ArcGIS,trend coefficient and correlational analysis method. The results are obtained as follows. In terms of the interannual relative humidity index distribution,the drought in the growing season mainly concentrated in the period of 2000—2010; the drought in summer and autumn mainly concentrated in the years after 1995 years; the drought in spring have occurred in all the time,and severe drought and extreme drought were in the majority. In terms of the variation trend of relative humidity index,the whole province presents a trend of slightly wetting in spring,and a trend of significant wetting in winter,while a trend of drying in the rest periods,but the spatial difference is significant in different periods. By analyzing the correlation coefficients of precipitation,potential evapotranspiration and relative humidity index,it is found that precipitation has always been the leading factor causing the relative humidity index changes in the growth season and other seasons in Heilongjiang Province,but the impact of potential evapotranspiration in summer has increased.更多还原