【摘要】 DNA甲基化参与调节动物配子发生和胚胎发育过程,TET基因负责DNA主动去甲基化,在基因印迹去除和细胞全能性获得中起重要作用。为了解海洋贝类配子发生和胚胎发育过程中DNA去甲基化如何发生,本研究以虾夷扇贝为研究对象,鉴定了其TET基因,并分析了该基因在性腺和胚胎幼虫发育中的表达变化。结果表明,虾夷扇贝基因组中含有1个TET基因(PyTET),该基因长39 127 bp,包含10个外显子,编码1 592个氨基酸,其蛋白具有完整的2OGFeDO超家族的加氧酶结构域。在性腺发育过程中,PyTET基因表达峰值出现在休止期精巢和增殖期卵巢,原位杂交结果显示其在精原细胞、精母细胞中均有表达,在卵母细胞中的表达明显高于卵原细胞;在早期发育过程中,其峰值出现在囊胚期。以上结果提示虾夷扇贝配子发生和胚胎发育过程中均发生了DNA主动去甲基化,这将有助于系统了解表观调控在贝类发育中的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 DNA methylation is involved in the regulation of gametogenesis and embryonic development. TET gene is responsible for active DNA demethylation and plays an important role in genomic imprint removal and pluripotency acquisition. In order to understand how DNA demethylation occurs during gametogenesis and early development in marine shellfish, we identified the TET gene and analyzed its expression during gonad and embryo development of Yesso scallop. Results showed that the scallop genome contains one TET gene(PyTET), which is 39 127 bp and contains 10 exons encoding 1 592 amino acids, including a complete oxygenase domain of the 2 OGFeDO superfamily. The expression of PyTET gene peaks at the resting stage of testis and the proliferating stage of ovary. In situ hybridization showed that PyTET is expressed in the spermatogonia and spermatocytes, and is higher in the oocytes than oogonia. During early development, it peaks in blastulae. These results suggest that active DNA demethylation occurs during scallop gametogenesis and early development, which will help us understand how epigenetics regulate development in molluscs.更多还原