【摘要】 目前设施农地多关注其经营模式和策略,对空间格局分布特征仍缺乏清楚的认识。文章以拉萨市为研究区域,通过核密度分析、缓冲区和地理联系率分析设施农地的空间格局特征及其主要区位因素。结果表明:2018年拉萨市设施农地面积为1 678.72 hm~2,占拉萨市当年主要作物种植总面积的3.40%。拉萨市设施农地主要分布于拉萨河干流和其支流堆龙区两岸,其中曲水县聂当乡分布密度最大,为明显聚集区,其次为城关区蔡公堂乡、达孜区。设施农地分布受控制因子如海拔、坡度、坡向和河流影响较大。拉萨市设施农地主要分布在海拔3 600～3 700 m范围内,坡度多处于2°～6°,坡向为阳坡,距河流0～1 500 m范围内。拉萨市各区县人口和设施农地面积的空间匹配程度呈高水平。对交通距离而言,距道路0～500 m范围内设施农地面积随距离增加呈上升趋势,大于500 m以后,面积随距离呈衰减效应。总之,拉萨市设施农地空间格局是自然因子和人类经济活动共同作用的结果,地形因子如坡度、坡向和海拔等对土地利用的空间格局分布具有明显控制作用,市场需求是设施农地发展的主要推力。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, most of the greenhouse lands are mainly focusing on the management mode and strategy,and there is still lacking the clear understanding in its characteristics of spatial distribution pattern. In the present paper, Lhasa as the research area, the spatial distribution pattern characteristics of greenhouse land in Lhasa and its main influencing factors were analyzed by the nuclear density analysis, buffer zone and geographical connection rate. In 2018 the greenhouse land area in Lhasa was 1 678.72 hectares accounting for 3.40% of the total cultivated land of Lhasa. The greenhouse land in Lhasa mainly distributed on the main stream of Lhasa River and its tributaries such as both site banks of Duilongqu, among which Niedang township in Qushu County has the largest distribution density with an obvious aggregated area, and Caigongtang township in Chengguan District and Dazi District have the second largest distribution density. The distribution of greenhouse land in Lhasa was greatly affected by the elevation, slope, aspect and distance from river. The greenhouse land in Lhasa was mainly distributed on the sunny slope within an altitude of 3600～3700 m,slope degree between 2°～6° and 0～1500 m away from the river. The spatial matching degree between population and greenhouse land area in various districts and counties was at a high level in Lhasa. For the traffic distance, within the range of 0～500 m away from the road, the area of greenhouse land increases with the distance from the road and the distance to road was more than 500 m, the area of greenhouse land has a distance attenuation effect. The spatial pattern of greenhouse land in Lhasa was the result of combination of natural factors and human economic activities. Different topographic factors such as slope, aspect and elevation have different effects on the spatial distribution pattern of land use,and the market demand was the main driving force for the development of greenhouse land in Lhasa.更多还原