【摘要】 【目的】了解和掌握内蒙古引进藜麦种质资源的遗传多样性,加强藜麦种质资源高效利用并推进育种进程。【方法】对从国内外收集的101份藜麦种质资源进行生育期、株高、茎粗、单株粒重、千粒重、蛋白质含量和赖氨酸含量等表型性状的遗传多样性分析。【结果】藜麦各表型性状的变异系数存在较大差异,其中,单株粒重变异系数最大,为36.0%;生育期的变异系数最小,为5.2%。各表型性状的多样性指数变化为1.960～2.085,其中,千粒重的多样性指数最大,为2.085;株高的多样性指数最小,为1.960。通过表型性状间的相关性分析可知,单株粒重与蛋白质含量、赖氨酸含量呈现不同程度的显著负相关关系(-0.36与-0.32)。通过聚类分析,将101份藜麦种质资源划分为4大类群,其中,第Ⅰ类群包含29份材料、第Ⅱ类群包含30份材料、第Ⅲ类群包含18份材料、第Ⅳ类群包含24份材料。【结论】在藜麦新品种选育过程中,有必要关注藜麦籽粒产量与营养品质协同提高的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 In order to understand the genetic diversity basis of quinoa germplasm resources,improve the efficient use of germplasm resources,and promote the breeding process. 【Methods】101 quinoa germplasm resources were collected at home and abroad for determination of phenotypic traits and analysis of genetic diversity. Phenotypic traits included growth period,plant height,stalk diameter,kernel weight per plant,thousand kernel weight,protein content,lysine content,etc. 【Results】The coefficient of variation of each phenotype was significantly different. The largest one was coefficient of variation of grain weight per plant,which was 36.0%,and the smallest one was growth period,which was 5.2%. The range of phenotypic traits genetic diversity index was 1.960-2.085. Among all the genetic diversity indexes,the largest one was growth period,which was 2.085,and the smallest one was kernel weight per plant,which was 1.960. Through the correlation analysis of phenotypic traits,it showed different degrees of significant negative correlation(-0.36 and-0.32)between the grain weight per plant and the content of protein or lysine. Cluster analysis was grouped 101 quinoa germplasm accessions into four clusters. Among them,the first group contains 29 accessions of material,the second groups includs 30 copies of materials,the third group includs 18 copies of material,and the fourth group contains 24 copies of material. 【Conclusion】It is necessary to pay attention to improving both grain yield and nutritional quality at the same time in quinoa breeding.更多还原