【摘要】 通过健康风险评价方法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和单因子污染指数法等3种主要方法,对5种重金属元素铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)和镉(Cd)的存在含量进行测评,系统评估6种药食同源包括黄芪、白芍、甘草、山楂、枸杞和金银花在内的中药材的重金属含量。为了系统地考察重金属对中药材的实际污染情况,含量限制标准采用《中华人民共和国药典》(2015年版)中的具体数据作为参照。结果表明:所有被测批次的中药材重金属含量均未超过重金属于中药材中的限制标准,此为《中国药典》(2015年版)所规定的。金银花(0.57)>甘草(0.41)>白芍(0.39)>黄芪(0.31)>枸杞(0.27)>山楂(0.23),这样的内梅罗综合污染指数,说明以上中药材污染等级范围为安全等级;对具有致癌风险的砷作健康风险评价,表明金银花、白芍、山楂大于规定的标准阙值,说明其具有一定的致癌风险,其它则没有致癌风险。归类分析,Pb、Cd、Cu在花草类中药材(金银花)中含量较高,其次是根及根茎类中药材(甘草、白芍、黄芪),果实及种子类(山楂、枸杞)含量相较于前两者含量最低;对照各用药部位的结果,砷和汞含量差异具有不显著性。更多还原

【Abstract】 To analyze the pollution of heavy metals such as Cu, Hg, As, Pb, Cd in six edible traditional Chinese herbal medicine,including Astragali Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Crataegi Fructus and Lycii Fructus, a clear limit of heavy metals and harmful elements in 2015 version of the People’s Republic of China Pharmacopoeia was wed as comparison,Health risk assessment method, nemerow comprehensive pollution index method and single factor pollution index method were used in this experiment. The results show that: the content of heavy metals in all tested batches of Chinese herbal medicine did not exceed the limits of heavy metals in Chinese herbal medicine stipulated in Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015. The Nemerow comprehensive pollution index was ranked as Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(0.57)> Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(0.41)> Paeoniae Radix Alba(0.39)> Astragali Radix(0.31)> Lycii Fructus(0.27)> Crataegi Fructus(0.23). The meaning was that all of them were safe Chinese herbal. The health risk assessment of As with carcinogenic risk indicated that Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Paeoniae Radix Alba and Crataegi Fructus were greater than the prescribed standard threshold, indicating that it had a certain carcinogenic risk, while the others had no carcinogenic risk. According to the classification analysis, Pb, Cd and Cu were higher in Chinese herbal medicines(Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), followed by Astragali Radix, Radix Alba, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma which were called roots and rhizomes Paeoniae.The content of fruits and seeds(Lycii Fructus, Crataegi Fructus) was the lowest compared to the former two. It was not significantly different between As and Hg in the content of each medicinal part.更多还原