【摘要】 随着社会经济的发展,全球一体化进程的加速,全球突发灾难事件形势更加严峻,为了抵御各种灾难的挑战,众多国家纷纷组建灾害救援体系,如美国、日本、德国等国家都非常重视突发事件紧急医学救援队伍工作,而且在制度、技术与组织等方面获得了显著成果^[1]。我国的紧急医学救援体系还处于初步发展阶段,在2003年爆发非典后才开始重视这一方面的建设,尤其是在汶川和玉树地震等重大灾害事件后,国家对这一方面的工作更为重视,在国际减灾十年委员会的倡导下,我国投入到了全面防灾、减灾和救灾的工作中^[2]。其中,护理救援能力是紧急医学救援队伍中的重要一环,护理救援人员为紧急医学救援队伍的重要组成部分^[3],其相应的灾害护理水平将直接影响救治的效果。但目前尚无标准的规范化护理救援能力体系。相关研究发现,尽管越来越多的迹象表明需要进行灾害意识和准备,但紧急医疗护理教育和培训仍处于起步阶段,国内紧急医学救援队护理队员的灾害护理能力还不容乐观,缺乏符合紧急医学救援队护理队员自身特点的培训体系^[4]。因此,急需建立紧急医学救援护理实践队伍的规范化体系,提高紧急医学救援护理队员的护理实践能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of social economy and the acceleration of the global integration process,the situation of global disasters is even more severe.In order to resist the challenges of various disasters,many countries have established disaster relief systems,such as the United States,Japan,and Germany All attach great importance to the work of emergency medical rescue teams,and have achieved significant results in terms of systems,technology and organization^[1].China’s emergency medical rescue system is still in its initial stage of development.After the outbreak of SARS in 2003,attention was paid to construction in this area,especially after major disasters such as the Wenchuan and Yushu earthquakes.On the initiative of the International Decade Committee for Disaster Reduction,China has invested in comprehensive disaster prevention,mitigation and relief work^[2].Among them,the nursing rescue capability is an important part of the emergency medical rescue team.Nursing and rescue personnel are an important part of the emergency medical rescue team^[3],and its corresponding level of disaster care will directly affect the effectiveness of the rescue.However,there is currently no standard standardized nursing rescue capability system.Relevant research finds that despite more and more indications of the need for disaster awareness and preparation,emergency medical care education and training is still in its infancy,and the disaster emergency care capabilities of nursing members of domestic emergency medical rescue teams are not optimistic and lack of compliance with emergency medicine.Rescue team’s own training system for nursing team members^[4].Therefore,it is urgent to establish a standardized system of emergency medical rescue nursing practice teams to improve the nursing practice ability of emergency medical rescue nursing team members.更多还原