【摘要】 为定量分析新老驾驶员在不同线形诱导信息量的草原公路弯道行车时的视觉特性,建立了5种不同层级线形诱导信息量的草原公路弯道虚拟场景,信息量水平分别为0、0～10、10～20、20～30、30 bits以上,并进行了模拟驾驶试验,对驾驶员视野分区,分析不同信息量条件和驾驶熟练程度对驾驶员视觉特性的影响规律。结果表明:熟练驾驶员注视分布区域比非熟练驾驶员更远也更分散,非熟练驾驶员对近距离区域的关注程度远高于熟练驾驶员;非熟练驾驶员行车过程视觉负荷较高,对有效信息的感知和处理能力较弱,视觉搜索策略需要改善;两组驾驶员在10～20 bits条件下的视觉强度特征表现最佳,认知和视觉搜索策略更为灵活;提出表征驾驶员眼动强度的回归模型,并分别求得两组驾驶员受信息量影响的眼动强度回归方程。更多还原

【Abstract】 To quantitatively analyze the visual characteristics of new-hand and old-hand drivers when driving on prairie highways with different information on linear guidance, five virtual scenes of with different levels of linear guidance information volume were established. The levels of information volume were 0 bits, 0～10 bits, 10～20 bits, 20～30 bits and more than 30 bits respectively, and the simulation driving test was carried out. By the division of driver’s visual field, the influence of different information conditions and driving proficiency on the visual characteristics of drivers was analyzed. The results show that skilled drivers’ fixation distribution is farther and more dispersed than unskilled drivers, while unskilled drivers pay much more attention to the close-range area than skilled drivers. Unskilled drivers have higher visual load during driving, their ability to perceive and process effective information is weak, and their visual searching strategies need to be improved. The visual intensity characteristics of both groups under 10～20 bits conditions are the best, and the cognitive and visual search strategies are more flexible. Therefore, a regression model was proposed to characte-rize the driver’s eye movement intensity, and the eye movement intensity regression equations of the two groups of drivers affected by the information volume were obtained.更多还原