【摘要】 为了深入研究黄赭色链霉菌对黄瓜生长及黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果,采用固体发酵单因素方差分析对菌株11F的固体发酵条件(种龄、配水比、接种量、发酵基质)进行优化,通过检测存活率测定在不同条件处理下菌剂链霉菌孢子对菌剂耐热力与抗紫外作用进行了分析,通过温室盆栽实验研究菌株11F菌剂对黄瓜生长的影响及对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果。结果表明:最佳固体发酵基质配比为80%大米+10%麦麸,最佳料比水为1∶0.3,最佳种龄为60 h,最佳接种量为10%。通过筛选得到菌剂最适载体是壳聚糖,温室盆栽实验显示菌株11F的发酵液与固体菌剂对黄瓜的生长都有促生作用。菌剂11F与蛭石的比例为1∶100时黄瓜幼苗的株高、根长、鲜重、干重都显著高于其他处理,株高增加39%,根长增加了33.9%,鲜重增加了35.3%,干重增加了40.9%,其长势茂盛,叶色浓绿,促生效果明显。菌剂11F对黄瓜枯萎有明显的防治效果,防效为73.45%,由此说明菌株11F菌剂可用于黄瓜枯萎的防治。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the effect of Streptomyces silaceus on cucumber growth and Fusarium wilt control, the single factor variance analysis of solid fermentation was used to optimize the solid fermentation conditions(including seed age, water ratio, inoculum amount, fermentation substrate) of strain 11 F. The effect of Streptomyces silaceus spores on the heat resistance and UV resistance was tested under different conditions. The effects of strain 11 F on the growth of cucumber and the control of cucumber fusarium wilt were studied by pot experiment in greenhouse. The results show that the best solid fermentation medium is 80% rice+10% wheat bran, the best ratio of material to water is 1 to 0.3, the best seed age is 60 h, and the best inoculation amount is 10%. Chitosan is the most suitable carrier of the fungicide. The greenhouse pot experiment shows that the solid fungicide of strain 11 F can promote the growth of cucumber. When the ratio of 11 F and vermiculite is 1 to 100, the plant height, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of cucumber seedlings are significantly higher than those of other treatments. The plant height, root length, fresh weight and dry weight increases by 39%, 33.9%, 35.3% and 40.9%, respectively. The growth of cucumber seedlings is vigorous, leaves are green, and the growth promoting effect is obvious. The control effect of 11 F on fusarium wilt of cucumber is 73.45%, which indicates that 11 F can be used in the control of cucumber wilt.更多还原