【摘要】 胶东是全球三大金矿集区之一,深入研究其成矿模式对于正确认识胶东金矿类型并指导进一步找矿具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。文章通过系统总结胶东金矿控矿构造特征与型式、构造与矿体的耦合关系、岩浆活动与金矿化的关系及其他成矿地质因素,在分析不同类型和不同层次金矿赋矿规律、成矿机制的基础上,分别建立了破碎带蚀变岩型金矿、石英脉型金矿、胶西北金矿和深部金矿成矿模式。综合分析后,提出了胶东金矿热隆-伸展成矿模式,其要义是:早白垩世,由于板块俯冲、回撤,诱发壳幔相互作用,产生大规模岩浆活动,引起广泛的流体活动;同时,地壳拉张和岩浆隆升,形成花岗岩穹窿-伸展构造,出现大量铲式断层、拆离断层等。与岩浆活动有关的高强度含矿流体活动和交代蚀变作用是胶东金矿大规模集中产出的基础条件,地壳快速隆升引起强烈减压、降温是大量金质从流体中析出、沉淀的重要原因,伸展构造则为大规模金成矿提供了充足的空间。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jiaodong Peninsula(eastern Shandong) is one of the three most important gold ore concentration areas in the world, and its metallogenic model of gold deposits is significant in understanding the type of the Jiaodong gold deposits and targeting exploration. This paper systematically summarizes the characteristics of ore-controlling structure, coupling relationships between structure and orebody, internal connection between magmatic activity and gold mineralization, and other ore-controlling factors. By analysis of the characteristics of ore-bearing and ore-forming mechanism, the authors established the metallogenic models for alteration rock style gold deposits in fracture zone, quartz vein style gold deposits, gold deposits in northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula and deep-seated gold deposits and, on such a basis, the metallogenic model of thermal upwelling-extension structure for Jiaodong ore deposits was presented. In the early Cretaceous, due to the subduction and roll back of the paleo-Pacific Plate,large-scale magma activities and extensive fluid activities occurred in the Jiaodong Peninsula. Meanwhile, under the granite dome-extension structure, a large number of shovel faults and detachment faults were induced by the crustal extension and subsequent magma upwelling. The extensive ore-bearing fluid activities and alteration related to magmatic activities constituted the prerequisite for large-scale metallogenesis of gold deposits. The rapid uplift of the crust caused intense decompression and cooling, which seems to have been an important reason for the precipitation of large amounts of gold from the fluids. Extensional structures provided sufficient space for gold mineralization.更多还原