【摘要】 公安三袁在文学上取得巨大成功,除了内因之外,还有外因的作用。一是时代的因素。万历皇帝亲政后却又怠政,朝廷对意识形态领域的控制减弱,三袁可以多次与复古派进行激烈的争辩,并最终取得胜利;阳明心学为三袁文学理论主张提供了思想基础,李贽思想对三袁产生深刻的影响,使三袁尤其是袁宏道摆脱当时文坛复古思潮的束缚;明代尤其是晚明文人多喜欢结社,三袁因此形成公安派。二是三袁祖父袁大化要求子弟读书考取功名的家训,三袁父亲袁士瑜、外祖父龚大器、舅舅龚仲敏、龚仲庆家教的作用。三是楚文化对三袁的影响。四是三袁广泛的交友和游历。更多还原

【Abstract】 In addition to internal causes,there are also external causes for the great success of three Yuan brothers from Gong’an county in literature.The first external cause is the factor of time.After the emperor Wanli was in power,he was idle,and the control of the imperial court over the ideological field was weakened,thus the three Yuan brothers could engage in fierce debates with the classicist school for many times and finally won the victory;Wang Yangming’s ideology on mind provided the ideological foundation for the three Yuan brothers’ literary theory,while Li Zhi’s thought had a profound influence on the three Yuan brothers,and made the three Yuan brothers,especially Yuan Hongdao,get rid of the shackles of the thoughts of restoring ancient ways in the literary world at that time;In the Ming Dynasty,especially in the late Ming Dynasty,literati liked to form associations,so the three Yuan brothers formed the Gong’an school.The second external cause is the family instruction of the three Yuan brothers’ grandfather,Yuan Dahua,who asked his children to gain fame by reading,and the role of home tutoring by the three Yuan brothers’ father Yuan Shiyu,their grandfather Gong Daqi,and their uncles Gong Zhongmin and Gong Zhongqing.The third external cause is the influence of Chu culture on the three Yuan brothers.The fourth external cause is three Yuan brothers’ extensive friend-making and travelling.更多还原