【摘要】 为寻找有机郎肯循环(ORC)发电系统热经济优化方向,依据系统工艺过程特点,应用热力学第二定律分析了系统内部不同位置的?流及?损失,按照热经济学原理分析了热经济成本传递对单位?流成本及?损失成本的影响,并提出优化价值系数以判断降低?损失的非能源成本代价。通过对某工业企业ORC余热发电工程项目分析得到:蒸发器年?损失最大,占总年?损失的43.11%,冷凝器年?损失次之,占比为33.08%;膨胀机年?损失成本最高,占总?损失成本的47.53%,蒸发器次之,占比为28.58%。从减少?损失角度考虑,蒸发器是最需要被关注的设备;从降低?损失成本角度考虑,膨胀机最应得到优化;从减少?损失需要投入的非能源成本考虑,蒸发器、冷凝器的优化价值系数较高,可以优先考虑增加投资。?损失成本分析法为ORC低温发电系统多目标优化提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the process characteristics of low temperature exhaust heat power generation system, the second law of thermodynamics was used to analyze the exergy flow and exergy loss at different locations in the system. The exergy cost per unit product and the exergy loss cost caused by the transmission of thermal economic cost were analyzed according to the principle of thermal economy. Ratio of exergy loss to non-energy costs was judged by optimization value coefficient. Through the analysis of ORC exhaust heat power generation project in an industrial enterprise, it was concluded that the evaporator had the largest exergy loss, accounting for 43.11% of the total annual exergy loss, and the annual exergy loss of the condenser comes next, accounting for 33.08%. The annual exergy loss cost of the expander is the highest, accounting for 47.53% of the total, followed by evaporators, accounting for 28.58%. From the prospect of reducing exergy loss, evaporator was the most important equipment. Expander should be optimized firstly considering exergy loss cost reduction. The optimization value coefficient of evaporator and condenser was relatively high, and priority could be given to increasing non-energy investment to reduce exergy loss. The exergy loss cost analysis method provided a reference for multi-objective optimization of ORC power generation system.更多还原