【摘要】 利用哈密顿算符表象中的封闭关系定义了哈密顿算符表象中的投影算子,并给出了两个衍生算符,最后讨论了投影算子性质及应用。研究结果表明投影算子■作用在|ψ〉后,只保留了|n〉的分量,并且投影系数显示|n〉分量的几率不变;投影算子■对|ψ〉作用的是在|ψ〉中去掉了|n〉的分量,只保留了其他分量,且几率大小不变;投影算子■对任意态矢|ψ〉作用后,只留下了|ψ〉中的|m〉分量,且其几率|n〉分量的几率,投影算子的作用效果在很多量子体系的研究中具有重要的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The projection operator in Hamilton representation is defined by using the closed relation in Hamilton representation, and two derived operators are given. Finally, the properties and applications of projection operator are discussed. The results show that the projection operator acts on |ψ〉 only the retained component |n〉, and the projection coefficient shows |n〉 that the probability of the component remains unchanged. The projection operator ■ acts on |ψ〉 the removed |n〉 components, retaining only the other components, and the probability remains the same. When the projection operator ■ acts on |ψ〉 any vector of states, only the medium component |m〉 is left, and the probability |n〉 of the probability component is obtained. The effect of projection operator is of great significance in the study of many quantum systems.更多还原