【摘要】 简要介绍脉冲信号和脉冲波形参数的定义。按照源/表属性和精度等级分类介绍脉冲波形类仪器设备,概述国内外脉冲波形参数量值溯源情况。基于脉冲波形参数计量器具检定系统表,以脉冲信号的溯源过程为例,解释脉冲波形参数量值溯源体系,并简要介绍脉冲波形参数国家基准的发展情况及参数指标。详细论述脉冲波形参数量值溯源的关键技术。首先,说明低于10mV脉冲幅度高精度测量存在的问题,论述基于多点采样结合众数分析的技术方案,可有效减小脉冲幅度测量不确定度;其次,由宽带取样示波器瞬态响应量值溯源的难题引出"Nose-to-nose"(NTN)校准技术,说明其技术原理及基准应用概况,并提出其技术局限性;再次,由超快脉冲上升时间的量值溯源问题引出电光采样(EOS)测量技术,说明其技术原理及中国计量科学研究院的研制概况,并介绍时域波形测量国际比对的进展情况。最后,从第五代移动通信技术和高功率微波技术两个角度,展望脉冲波形参数量值溯源体系未来的发展趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The definition of the pulse signal and pulse waveform parameters is briefly introduced. According to the classification of generator/meter and accuracy,the pulse waveform instruments are introduced,and the status quo of the traceability of pulse waveform parameter values is summarized. Based on the verification scheme of measuring instruments of pulse waveform parameters,the tracing process of the pulse signal is taken as an instance,and the pulse waveform parameters traceability system is explained. The development of the primary standard of pulse waveform parameters is briefly introduced. The key technologies of traceability of pulse waveform parameters are discussed in detail. First,the problems of highprecision measurement for pulse amplitude below 10 mV is illustrated,and the method based on multi-sampling combined with modal analysis can effectively reduce the uncertainty of measurement. Second,the calibration technology of "Nose-tonose"( NTN) is discussed for solving the problem of transient response traceability of broadband sampling oscilloscope,including the technology principles,the application of primary standard,and the limitation of the technology. Third,the technology of"Electro-optical Sampling"( EOS) is discussed for solving the problem of the rise-time traceability of fast edge pulse,including the technology theory,the research situation in the National Institute of Metrology,and the progress of international comparison of time-domain waveform measurement. Finally,in terms of the fifth-generation mobile communication technology and high-power microwave technology,the future development trends of the traceability system of pulse waveform parameter values are prospected.更多还原