【摘要】 雾霾污染已严重影响湖南省城市经济发展与居民生活。以空气质量指数为基础数据,构建数学公式计算了湖南省14个地级城市的雾霾污染指数;运用SPSS软件以及GIS技术分析雾霾污染时空特征,计算了雾霾污染指数与大气物质成分、气象因素、经济因素的相关系数。研究发现:（1）雾霾污染逐月变化呈"U"型。春末夏初雾霾污染降低,秋末冬初雾霾污染加强。冬季雾霾污染最严重,夏季雾霾污染最弱。（2）雾霾污染空间分布差异大,位于东部平原地带与衡邵盆地的城市属于重度雾霾污染区,南部与西部山地的城市为轻度雾霾污染区。（3）雾霾污染指数与PM_2.5、PM₁₀浓度的相关系数很大。雾霾污染时空特征与气象因素高度相关,气温、风速、降水与雾霾污染指数呈负相关,湿度与气压对雾霾污染的影响较小。机动车辆与烟尘排放是影响雾霾污染形成的主要经济因素,因此倡导绿色出行与降低烟尘排放是雾霾污染治理的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 Haze pollution has seriously affected urban economic development and residents’ life in Hunan Province. A mathematical formula was established to calculate the haze pollution index of 14 prefecture-level cities in Hunan Province based on the air quality index. SPSS software and GIS technology were used to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of haze pollution. The correlation coefficients between haze pollution index and atmospheric material composition, meteorological factors and economic factors are calculated by SPSS software. The findings are as follows :(1) The monthly change of haze pollution is u-shaped. Haze pollution decreased in late spring and early summer, and intensified in late autumn and early winter. Haze pollution is the most serious in winter and the weakest in summer.(2)Haze pollution has obvious spatial distribution differences. Cities located in the eastern plain and the Hengshao Basin belong to heavy haze pollution areas, while cities in the southern and western mountains belong to light haze pollution areas.(3) The correlation coefficient between haze pollution index and PM2.5 and PM10 concentration is very large. The spatial and temporal characteristics of haze pollution are highly correlated with meteorological factors. The temperature, wind speed and precipitation are negatively correlated with haze pollution index, and the humidity and air pressure have little influence on haze pollution. Motor vehicles and smoke emission are the main economic factors affecting the formation of haze pollution, so advocating green travel and reducing smoke emission is the key to haze pollution control.更多还原