【摘要】 在量子力学中,因为微观粒子具有波粒二象性,所有力学量必须用算符表示。当微观体系处于任意状态时,体系的力学量(如坐标、动量、角动量、能量等)不再具有确定值,而是具有一系列可能的数值。因此,如何得到力学量的可能值和平均值是量子力学的重要内容。文章根据可能值与平均值的定义,结合实例研究分析了力学量可能值和平均值的计算方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In quantum mechanics, all mechanical quantities must be represented by operators because of the wave-particle duality of microscopic particles. The mechanical quantities of the system(such as coordinates, momentum, angular momentum, energy, etc.) no longer have definite values when the microscopic system is in any state, but a series of possible values. Therefore, how to obtain the possible value and average value of the mechanical quantity is an important part of quantum mechanics. In this paper, the calculation method of the possible value and the average value of the mechanical quantity is analyzed according to the definition of the possible value and the average value.更多还原