【摘要】 目的:对2009～2019年湖南省长沙县地区猩红热的发病情况进行分析,了解其流行病学特征,为未来猩红热的防控工作提供参考依据。方法:收集长沙县2009～2019年猩红热病例资料以及人口资料,应用 Microsoft Excel 2016整理汇总,统计学分析后,采用描述流行病学方法对2009～2019年长沙县猩红热疫情进行流行病学分析。结果:长沙县2009～2019年共报告猩红热病例为1750例,年均发病率为16.73/10万。2009年发病率最低,为2.06/10万;2019年发病率最高,为58.02/10万,2019年的报告发病数和发病率分别是2009年的37.75倍和28.18倍。长沙县2009～2009年猩红热在时间分布上呈现明显的季节性,第一个高峰出现在每年4～6月,第二个高峰出现在11月至次年1月,共占总报告发病数的70.49%;主要发病年龄段是3～8岁年龄段人群,占总报告发病数的88%。职业人群主要为幼托儿童、学生和散居儿童,幼托儿童报告发病数为910例,占比52%,学生和散居儿童报告发病数分别为607例和230例,占比34.69%和13.14%。男性病例数为1063例,年均发病率为19.50/10万。女性病例数为687例,年均发病率为13.71/10万。男性发病率高于女性。男女性别比为1.55:1。结论:2009～2019年长沙县猩红热疫情整体呈上升趋势,发病呈现明显的"双峰"季节性分布特点,幼托儿童、学生以及散居儿童为主要发病人群,3～8岁为主要发病年龄段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective This paper analyzes the incidence of scarlet fever in Changsha County from 2009 to 2019,analyzes epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever and provides important epidemiological basis for the prevention and control of scarlet fever in the future.Methods The data of epidemic situation of scarlet fever in Changsha County from 2009 to 2019 and the demographic data of Changsha County are collected.Data are integrated and processed using Microsoft Excel 2016.After statistic analysis,the epidemic analysis of scarlet fever in Changsha County from 2009 to 2019 is conducted by descriptive epidemiological analysis.Results A total of 1750 cases of scarlet fever are reported from 2009 to 2019 in Changsha County.The annual incidence rate is 16.73/100000.The incidence rate in 2009 is 2.06/10,0000,which is the lowest in 11years and the incidence rate in 2019 is 58.02/10,0000,which is the highest in these years.The cases of scarlet fever in 2019 is 37.75 times than that of year 2009 and the incidence rate of year 2019 is 28.18 times than that of year 2009.The seasonal distribution of scarlet fever in Changsha County from 2009 to 2019 shows a clear "bimodal distribution".The first peak appears in March-May each year and the second peak appears in November to January of next year.3-year-old to 8-year-old population make up 88% of the total incidence.The main incidence of occupational groups are childcare children,students and scattered children,childcare children reported the incidence of 910 cases,accounting for 52% of the total incidence,the number of students and scattered children are 607 cases and 203 cases respectively,accounting for 34.69% and 13.14% of the total reported incidence.The number of male cases is 1063 and the average annual incidence rate is 19.50/ 100000.The number of female cases is 687 and the average annual incidence is 13.71 / 100000,the incidence is higher in men than in women.The incidence of male and female sex ratio is 1.55:1.Conclusion The epidemic situation of scarlet fever in Changsha County from 2009-2019 is on the rise generally,and presents a clearly seasonal distribution with double peaks.The incidence of the main crowd are child care children,students and scattered children aged 3 to 8 years.更多还原