【摘要】 "台田-浅池系统"是北方滨海盐碱地改良利用的重要模式之一,其人为对下垫面的改变在一定程度上会对小气候产生影响。以黄骅地区430 m×38 m的单个"台田-浅池系统"为研究对象,利用气象观测仪器对气温、地温和表面温度进行对比观测,分析温度特征。结果表明:1)凸出地面2 m高的台田的空气日均温、月均温、年均温均高于平整大田的,二者差值在1.0℃以内;台田气温日较差、月较差小于大田的,气温变化更为缓和。2)台田各层地温的日均值高于大田的,二者差异随土壤深度的增加而减少;台田地温日较差小于大田的,温度变化更为平缓,地温存在极显著差异(sig<0.001)。3)台田表面温度日均值高于大田的,最大差值约2.4℃,日较差在冬半年低于大田的约1.0℃,夏半年高于大田的约2.0℃,表面温度之间存在显著差异(sig<0.05)。4)浅池具有调温作用,"台田-浅池系统"共同形成的下垫面表面平均温度在夜间明显高于大田的,日间二者相近,平均差值为0.5℃,随季节略有不同,其中4-9月差值最小。5)"台田-浅池系统"符合地形小气候和农田小气候中气温要素的变化特征,但由于台田高度仅有2 m,这种地形小气候变化的幅度较小。更多还原

【Abstract】 The "Raised Field-Shallow Pond System" is one of the important modes for the improvement and utilization of the northern coastal saline land.To a certain content, artificial changes to the underlying surface can have an impact on the climate.Taking a single "Raised Field-Shallow Pond System"(430 m×38 m) in the Huanghua area as the research object, this study used meteorological observation instruments to do comparative observations on air temperature, ground temperature and surface temperature to analyze the temperature characteristics.The results showed that: 1)The average daily temperature, monthly average temperature and annual average temperature of the exposed land in the raised field, which is 2 m high above the ground, are higher than the flat field by less than 1.0 ℃.The diurnal range and monthly range of temperature in the raised field is smaller than that in the normal field, and the temperature changes more moderately. 2)The daily mean value of ground temperature at different depths in the raised field is higher than that in normal field, and the difference between the two decreases with the increase of soil depth.The diurnal difference of ground temperature in raised field is lower than in normal field, and the temperature change is more gradual.There is a significant difference in ground temperature, because the sig is smaller than 0.001.3)The daily average surface temperature of the raised field is higher than that of normal field with maximum difference about 2.4 ℃.The diurnal range of surface temperature is about 1.0 ℃ lower in winter and 2.0 ℃ higher in summer than that of normal field.There is a significant difference between the surface temperatures, because the sig is smaller than 0.05.4)The shallow pool has a temperature regulating effect, and the surface mean temperature of the underlying surface formed by the "Raised Field-Shallow Pond System" is significantly higher than that of the normal field at night, but similar in daytime.The average difference of ground temperature between the "Raised Field-Shallow Pond System" and the normal field is 0.5 ℃, which varies slightly with seasons.And difference is the smallest between April and September.5) The "Raised Field-Shallow Pond System" is consistent with the variation features of temperature factors in the terrain microclimate and farmland microclimate.However, since the height of the raised field is only 2 m, the magnitude of the microclimate change is not so big.更多还原