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枯死松树伐桩中松材线虫和钻蛀性昆虫分布及数量

Distribution and quantity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and boring insects in dead pine stumps

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【作者】 喻锦秀万辉张敏胡满花汤建波方兴阳党政

【Author】 YU Jinxiu;WAN Hui;ZHANG Min;HU Manhua;TANG Jianbo;FANG Xing;YANG Dangzheng;Hunan Academy of Forestry;Hunan Administration Bureau of Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve;Forestry Bureau of Pingjiang County;Forestry Bureau of Chenzhou City;

【机构】 湖南省林业科学院湖南省东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区管理局平江县林业局郴州市林业局

【摘要】 采用野外定点调查和松木解剖的方式,调查枯死松树伐桩中松材线虫和钻蛀性昆虫的分布和数量,为松材线虫病科学防控提供参考。结果表明:200个伐桩中调查到松墨天牛、松瘤象、马尾松角胫象、暗色松吉丁虫和白蚁等5种钻蛀性昆虫,分布率为31.00%,其中松墨天牛的分布率为7%;伐桩中松材线虫的检出率为10.00%(6月)和5.50%(8月),6月份含量为1.95条·g-1,8月份为1.09条·g-1,明显低于当年染病枯死松树树干(3~4 m处)中的含量3.96条·g-1和11.65条·g-1;同时有松材线虫和松墨天牛存在的伐桩极少,仅占伐桩总数的1.00%,且松墨天牛成虫未携带松材线虫,不能发挥疫情传播媒介的作用。综上所述,枯死松树伐桩在松材线虫病流行中的作用极小,因此伐桩处理程序可以简化。

【Abstract】 The methods of fixed-point field investigation and pine wood dissection were utilized to investigate the distribution and quantity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and boring insects in dead pine stumps, so as to provide basis for scientific prevention and control of B.xylophilus. The results showed that five species of boring insects were found in 200 stumps, including Monochamus alternatus, Sipalus gigas, Shirahoshizo patruelis, Ancylocheira haemorroidalis Hbst and termite. The distribution rate of five species of boring insects was 31.00%. The distribution rate of M.alternatus was 7.00%. The detection rates of B.xylophilus in stumps were 10.00%(June) and 5.50%(August).The average content of B.xylophilus was 1.95 pieces per g in June and 1.09 pieces per g in August, which was significantly lower than that of 3.96 pieces per g and 11.65 pieces per g in newly infected dead pine trunks(at 3-4 meters).Meanwhile, the stumps with B.xylophilus and M. alternatus were rare, accounting for 1.00% of the total number of stumps. Moreover, the adults of M. alternatus did not carry B.xylophilus so it cannot play the role of spreading the epidemic. In conclusion, the dead pine stump has little effect on the epidemic of B.xylophilus, and thus the procedure of stump treatment would be simplified.

【基金】 湖南省林业科技创新专项“湖南省松材线虫病媒介昆虫种类及疫情传播方式研究”(XLK201972);湖南省林业生态保护修复与发展专项项目“枯死松树伐桩中松材线虫和钻蛀性害虫动态研究”
  • 【文献出处】 湖南林业科技 ,Hunan Forestry Science & Technology , 编辑部邮箱 ,2020年06期
  • 【分类号】S763.7
  • 【下载频次】182
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