【摘要】 将海岸带复合生态系统作为一个整体,充分考虑海岸带生态风险形成机制和生态环境保护要求,识别影响海岸带生态安全的主要因素。基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应(DPSIR)模型,将海岸带生态安全归纳为驱动力、压力、状态、影响、响应5个准则层,选取26个能够反映生态安全状况的因子来构建海岸带生态安全评价指标体系。对粤港澳大湾区惠州岸段两个沿海县(区)2007、2010、2013、2015、2016年的海岸带生态安全状况进行评价分析,结果表明:(1)惠东县这5年海岸带生态安全等级分别为预警(Ⅲ)、较安全(Ⅱ)、较危险(Ⅳ)、较安全(Ⅱ)、较安全(Ⅱ);大亚湾区海岸带生态安全等级分别为预警(Ⅲ)、预警(Ⅲ)、预警(Ⅲ)、较安全(Ⅱ)、较安全(Ⅱ)。(2)"十二五"规划所采取的环境保护和生态建设措施对惠州海岸带生态环境的改善发挥了重要作用。海岸带生态安全状况于2013年有明显恶化,说明生态环境保护应对措施及力度仍不足以抵消这一时期持续增加的生态环境压力,同时,海岸带生态环境对于响应措施的反应具有一定程度的滞后性。(3)影响惠州海岸带生态安全的主要原因有工业的发展及污染物排放、人类活动密集及人类对海洋区域的大规模开发利用、政府响应措施实施力度、自然和人为原因所造成的海洋灾害和损失。更多还原

【Abstract】 Treating the complex ecosystems of the coastal zone as a whole,taking the ecological risk formation mechanism and ecological environmental protection requirements of the coastal zone into fully consideration,and identifying the main factors affecting the ecological security of the coastal zone,the ecological security of the coastal zone was summarized into five criteria layers-driving force,pressure,state,impact and response based on the DPSIR conceptual model.A total of 26 factors reflecting the ecological security status were selected to construct the ecological security evaluation index system of the Huizhou coastal zone.Comprehensive evaluation of ecological security status of the coastal zones in the two counties(districts)of Huizhou,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in 2007,2010,2013,2015 and 2016 were conducted.The results showed that:(1)Huidong County coastal zone ecological security level were warning (Ⅲ),comparatively safe (Ⅱ),relatively dangerous (Ⅳ),comparatively safe (Ⅱ),comparatively safe(Ⅱ),while the ecological security level of the Daya Bay coastal zone were warning(Ⅲ),warning(Ⅲ),warning (Ⅲ ),comparatively safe (Ⅱ ),comparatively safe (Ⅱ )in five years.(2)The measures of environmental protection and ecological construction adopted by the"Twelfth Five-Year Plan"played an important role in improving the ecological environment of Huizhou coastal zone.The ecological security status of the coastal zone obviously deteriorated in 2013.It was indicated that the countermeasures and efforts of ecological environment protection were still insufficient to offset the increasing ecological pressure during this period.Simultaneously,the ecological environment of the coastal zone had a certain degree of lag in response to the response measures.(3)The reasons affecting the ecological security of the Huizhou coastal zone were mainly the development of industry and pollutant discharge,the intensive human activities and the large-scale development and utilization of the marine area,the implementation of government response measures,and the marine disasters or losses caused by natural and manmade events.更多还原