【摘要】 以硫酸锰为锰源、过硫酸铵为氧化剂,分别在100℃、120℃、140℃、160℃和180℃的反应温度下,通过水热合成法制备了5个MnO₂产物。XRD、SEM及超级电容性能测试结果表明,反应温度直接影响MnO₂产物的晶型、形貌与超级电容性能。当反应温度在100～120℃范围内时,制得的MnO₂产物（S1和S2）呈球状聚集体形貌,晶型结构为α+γ;当反应温度在140～180℃范围内时,制得了呈棒状形貌的α+β型MnO₂产物（S3、S4和S5）,且产物平均直径随反应温度的升高而逐渐增大（0.18～0.51μm）,α晶型含量随反应温度的升高而逐渐降低（77.8%～57.5%）。棒状形貌产物（S3、S4和S5）较具有球状聚集体形貌的产物（S1和S2）表现出更高的比电容值、库伦效率和比电容保持率;在棒状形貌产物中,棒状体直径最小、α晶型含量最高的S3产物表现出最优的超级电容性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 With using manganese sulfate monohydrate as manganese source and ammonium persulfate as oxidant,five MnO₂ products were prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis method at the reaction temperature of 100,120,140,160 and 180℃,respectively.The results of XRD,SEM and supercapacitor performance tests shown that the reaction temperature directly affected the crystal form,morphology and supercapacitor properties of MnO₂ products.When the reaction temperature was in the range of 100～120℃,the as-prepared MnO₂（S1 and S2）were consisted ofα+γcrystal and in the morphology of aggregated spheres.As the temperature was in the range of 140～180℃,MnO₂ products（S3～S5）with the crystal form ofα+βand the morphology of rods were synthesized;furthermore,with the increasing of reaction temperature from 140 to 180℃,the rod diameter was found to be gradually increased from 0.18 to 0.51μm,as well as theα-form content was proved to be gradually decreased from 77.8% to 57.5%.As far as supercapacitor properties are concerned,the rod-like products（S3-S5）exhibits higher specific capacitance,coulombic efficiency and capacitance retention than those aggregated sphere-like products（S1 and S2）.Among the rod-like products,product S3 which with the smallest rod diameter and the highestα-form content appeared the best supercapacitor behavior.更多还原