【摘要】 《诗经》收录整理的主要是西周到春秋时期的作品,解读中的一个难点是倒装表达。《诗经》有128篇诗歌含有倒装354句,其中"中+名词"49句、主谓倒装24句、宾语前置262句(有3句与"中+名词"兼类)、状语后置17句、其他倒装5句。宾语前置类全量大,是上古汉语倒装表达的典型。造成《诗经》倒装表达频出的语用动因有三:一是叶韵,"叶韵"倒装是出于诗体语音修辞的需要,计有176例(含兼类3句中的3次);二是强调,"强调"倒装是为凸显焦点信息,计有113例;三是惯用,"惯用"倒装是上古汉语既成语序的沿用和自然语序的遗留,计有68例。《诗经》的倒装表达揭示了它在上古汉语语序变化中的地位。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Book of Songs mainly collects and arranges works from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn period. One of the difficulties in the interpretation is the inverted expression. In the Book of Songs,there are 128 poems with 354 inversion sentences,including 49 "zhong+ noun",24 subject predicate inversion sentences,262 object prepositions( including three times and "zhong+ noun"in the same sentence),17 adverbial postpositions and 5 other inversion sentences. The object preposition is a typical inversion expression in ancient Chinese. There are three pragmatic reasons for the frequent expression of inversion in the Book of Songs: firstly,"Rhyming",it is based on the needs of poetic phonetic rhetoric which has 176 cases( including three times in three same sentences); secondly,"emphasis",it is to highlight the focus information which has 113 cases; thirdly,"Idiomatic usage",it is the continuation of the ancient Chinese idiom order and the legacy of the natural word order which has 68 cases. The inverted expression of the Book of Songs reveals its position in the change of word order in ancient Chinese.更多还原