【摘要】 大豆不仅是粮食作物,也是经济作物,认识国内外大豆情势具有战略指导作用。2018年中央"一号文件"中提出了鼓励大豆种植的要求,2019年农业部又发布了"大豆振兴计划"。我国有最大的大豆消费市场,大豆的消费量和进口数额仍在上涨,大豆生产贸易情势不断变化。依据近十几年各项数据,在国际背景下对我国大豆的生产贸易和消费情况进行分析研究,发现我国大豆存在产少进多、进口依存度和进口集中度高,单产与播种面积低,成本高且收益低,没有大豆定价权等问题。据此提出深化农业供给侧改革,加大科研投入,完善相关政策,推动"一带一路"建设,拓宽进口渠道和强化大豆战略地位认识等建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soybean is not only a food crop,but also a cash crop. It has a strategic guiding role to understand the situation of soybean at home and abroad. In 2018,the Central " No. 1 Document" proposed the requirement of encouraging soybean planting,and in 2019,the Ministry of Agriculture issued the " Soybean Revitalization Plan". China has the largest soybean consumption market,soybean consumption and import amount are still rising,soybean production and trade situation are constantly changing. According to the data of recent ten years,the production,trade and consumption of Soybean in China were analyzed and studied under the international background,and it was found that soybean production was less and import was more,import dependence and import concentration were high,yield per unit area and planting area were low,cost was high and yield was low,and soybean pricing power was not available.Accordingly,some suggestions are put forward,such as deepening the reform of agricultural supply side,increasing investment in scientific research,improving relevant policies,promoting the construction of " Belt and Road",broadening import channels and deepening the understanding of strategic position of soybean,etc.更多还原