【摘要】 大豆受到热害胁迫后会出现落花落荚现象,严重影响子粒产量。3～6月在漯河市农业科学院五里岗试验基地利用日光温室创造高温高湿环境,2018年对25个大豆杂交组合、2019年对10个已审定大豆品种进行了热害鉴定。鉴定结果表明:在中后期的高温高湿环境下,不同大豆材料的单株荚数和单荚粒数均较正常种植普遍降低,降低程度的差异说明了不同大豆材料的耐热性不同,一般表现为鼓粒期较早、生育期越短的材料受到热害的影响相对较低。大豆品种组合皖宿0934/郑1427和周豆01015-1/16H155单株荚数相对较少,每荚粒数均少于1粒,说明热害影响了大豆的正常鼓粒;大豆品种组合周豆01015-1/洛豆1号和周11005-10-4-6/豫豆29单株荚数少于10个,虽然能鼓粒,但是结荚较少,对产量也造成了严重影响;此外,大豆耐热性也具有一定的遗传特性,耐热性较差的亲本,其后代材料在耐热性方面表现也较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 The phenomenon of falling flowers and pods will appear in soybean under heat stress,which will seriously affect the grain yield. From March to June,the solar greenhouse was used in Wuligang Experimental Base of Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences to create high temperature and humidity environment, the heat damage identification was carried out on 25 soybean hybrids in 2018 and 10 approved soybean varieties in 2019. The results showed that the pod number per plant and pod grain number per plant of different soybean materials generally decreased at the middle and late stage under high temperature and humidity compared with the normal planting. The difference in the decreasing degree indicated that the heat resistance of different soybean materials was different, in generally, the material with earlier seed filling period and shorter growth period was less affected by heat damage. The combinations Wansu 0934/Zheng 1427 and Zhoudou 01015-1/16 H155 had relatively few pods per plant,and the number of pods was less than 1,which indicated that heat damage affected the normal seed filling. The combinations Zhoudou 01015-1/Luodou No.1 and Zhou 11005-10-4-6/Yudo 29 had less than 10 pods per plant,although the seeds could fill,they had few pods, which caused serious yield. In addition, the heat resistance of soybean had certain genetic characteristics. When parents’ heat resistance was poor,the heat resistance of their offspring was also poor.更多还原