【摘要】 确定新疆滴灌春玉米不同生育期的适宜水分下限,可为该地区滴灌春玉米高产高效生产制度建立提供技术依据。以郑单958为试材,采用宽窄行覆膜种植,井水滴灌方式灌溉,分别在玉米拔节—抽雄期、扬花—灌浆期、乳熟—完熟期均设置3个不同的土壤水分下限水平,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同水分处理对春玉米生长发育和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:滴灌春玉米不同生育阶段的适宜灌水下限不同,拔节—抽雄期、扬花—灌浆期、乳熟—完熟期土壤水分水下限分别为田间持水量的60%、90%和70%时,玉米生长发育最好,产量（15.61 t/hm²）和水分利用效率〔29.14 kg/（hm²·mm）〕最高,该处理（T₃）下全生育期总灌水量为464.2 mm。利用试验结果分别拟合产量与耗水量和水分利用效率的关系曲线,结果显示,耗水量为540.27 mm时水分利用效率最高〔27.97 kg/（hm²·mm）〕,耗水量为570.68 mm时玉米产量最高（15.58 t/hm²）,该拟合结果与T₃处理的实际测定结果相近。滴灌条件下,春玉米拔节—抽雄期、扬花—灌浆期、乳熟—完熟期的适宜土壤水分水下限分别为田间持水量的60%、90%和70%。更多还原

【Abstract】 The determination of suitable lower limit of moisture of spring maize in different growth stages under drip irrigation can provide technical basis for the establishment of high yield and high efficiency production system of spring maize under drip irrigation in Xinjiang. Zhengdan 958 was used as the material,which was planted by wide-narrow row with plastic film mulching,and irrigated by drip irrigation with well water.The effects of different water treatments on the growth and water use efficiency of spring maize were studied by orthogonal experiment design,under three different soil moisture levels at jointing—tasseling stage,flowering-filling stage and milk ripening-maturity stage. The results showed that the suitable lower limit of moisture was different in different growth stages of spring maize under drip irrigation. When the lower limit of soil moisture at jointing-tasseling stage,flowering-filling stage and milk ripening-maturity stage were 60%, 90%and 70% of the field capacity,respectively,the maize growth was the best,the yield（15.61 t/hm²） and water use efficiency 〔29.14 kg/（hm²·mm）〕 was the highest,and the total irrigation amount was 464.2 mm. The relationship curves of yield, water consumption and water use efficiency were fitted with the experimental results. The water use efficiency was the highest〔27.97 kg/（hm²·mm）〕 when the water consumption was 540.27 mm,and the maize yield was the highest（15.58 t/hm²） when the water consumption was 570.68 mm, and these results were close to the actual measurement results of T₃ treatment. Under drip irrigation,the suitable lower limit of soil moisture of spring maize at jointing-tasseling stage,floweringfilling stage and milk ripening-maturity stage were 60%,90% and 70% of field capacity,respectively.更多还原