【摘要】 揭示现实管理条件下河北省太行山山前平原冬小麦高产(7 500～9 000 kg/hm2)、超高产(>9 000 kg/hm2)小麦群个体发育及产量结构特征,可以为小麦持续高产稳产及超高产提供栽培技术调控理论数据支持。在2014～2017年冬小麦生长季,同时在河北省太行山山前平原冬小麦种植区的南部(邢台、邯郸)、中部(石家庄)和北部(保定),选择当地单产超过7 500 kg/hm2、9 000 kg/hm2的高产超高产典型地块,进行冬小麦群个体发育动态、产量以及产量结构特征指标调查与分析。结果表明:要实现单产9 000 kg/hm2以上,成熟期的小麦产量构成因素应达到单位面积穗数780万～790万穗/hm2、穗粒数32～34粒、千粒重42～45 g;实现单产8 250～9 000 kg/hm2,成熟期的小麦产量构成因素应达到单位面积穗数715万～750万穗/hm2、穗粒数32～34粒、千粒重42～43 g;实现单产7 500～8 250 kg/hm2,成熟期的小麦产量构成因素应达到单位面积穗数685万～695万穗/hm2、穗粒数31～32粒、千粒重41～44 g。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the characteristics of individual development and yield structure of wheat groups with high yield(7 500-9 000 kg/hm2) and super high yield(>9 000 kg/hm2) under the condition of practical management in the piedmont plain of Taihang Mountain,Hebei Province,could provide theoretical data support for the regulation and control of cultivation technology for the sustained high and stable yield,as well as super high yield of wheat. During the growing season of winter wheat from 2014 to 2017,in South(Xingtai and Handan),middle(Shijiazhuang) and North(Baoding) of the winter wheat planting areas in the piedmont plain of Taihang Mountain,Hebei Province,the typical plots of high yield(>7 500 kg/hm2) and super high yield>9 000 kg/hm2) were selected,and the individual development,yield and yield structure characters indexes of winter wheat groups were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that when the yield was more than 9 000 kg/hm2,the yield components of wheat at mature stage should be 7.8-7.9 millions ears/hm2,32-34 grains per ear,and 42-45 g per 1 000 graisn. When the yield was8 250-9 000 kg/hm2,those should be 7.15-7.5 millions ears/hm2,32-34 grains per ear,42-43 g per1 000 grains,7 500-8 250 per unit yield. When the yield was 7 500-8 250 kg/hm2,those should be 6.85-6.95 millions ears/hm2,31-32 grains per ear and 41-44 g per 1 000 grains.更多还原