【摘要】 根据铝/钢异种金属焊接冶金特点及旋转摩擦焊接工艺特点,分析认为旋转摩擦焊最适合铝/钢异种金属轴对称件焊接的工艺。分别介绍了连续驱动摩擦焊和惯性摩擦焊接工艺对铝/钢异种金属焊接接头的组织和性能的影响。总结了铝/钢异种金属摩擦焊接技术研发中亟待解决的主要科学问题,铝/钢旋转摩擦焊过程中摩擦界面及其附近剧烈的塑性流变对IMCs生成的影响规律和机制需要进一步的研究;需要开发相应的工艺措施促进铝/钢接头界面上形成以Fe-Al IMCs为标志的冶金结合,并使IMCs层厚度均匀化。最终指明,研究揭示铝/钢摩擦界面IMCs生成机理、相的组成、形态、分布等冶金行为,对铝/钢旋转摩擦焊接头的组织性能调控具有重要意义,也是铝/钢异种金属焊接结构性能保证的理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the characteristics of aluminum/steel dissimilar metal welding metallurgy and rotary friction welding process, it was considered that rotary friction welding was the most suitable welding process of aluminum/steel dissimilar metal axisymmetric parts. Effects of continuous drive friction welding and inertia friction welding on the microstructure and properties of aluminum/steel dissimilar metals joints were introduced respectively. The main scientific problems that urgently need to be solved in the development of metal friction welding technology were summarized as followed. In rotary friction welding of aluminum/steel, the influence law and mechanism of violent plastic flow on IMCs generation at the friction welded interface and its vicinity need further study. It was necessary to develop a corresponding process to promote the formation of Fe-Al IMCs as the symbol of metallurgical bonding on the interface of aluminum/steel joint and to homogenize the thickness of IMCs layer. In the end, the study revealed the metallurgical behavior of aluminum/steel friction welded interface IMCs such as formation mechanism, phase composition, morphology and distribution, which were of great significance to control microstructure and properties of aluminum/steel rotary friction welded joint, and which were also the theoretical basis to guarantee the performance of aluminum/steel dissimilar metals welding structure.更多还原