【摘要】 [目的]了解杉木涩籽研究进展,为研究涩籽的发生机制与性状改良以及种子园良种生产提供参考。[方法]对杉木涩籽形成的影响因素、形态结构、组成成分、生理生化以及分子生物学研究等方面加以综述。[结果]杉木涩籽的形成受内外部因素的共同调控。涩籽形成可分为胚胎败育和涩籽物质积累两个阶段,主要代谢特征为有机大分子含量明显下降、类黄酮类—多酚类代谢物明显增多,并伴随氧化酶系活性下降、脂肪酶活性升高和细胞膜透性升高等生理现象。另外,与类黄酮生物合成有关的一些基因在涩籽中有异常表达。[结论]涩籽限制了杉木种子园优质种子的产量和质量,其发生机理尚不明晰,仍需结合现代先进技术开展深入研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Purpose] To understand the research progress of Chinese fir astringent seeds, and provide references for the further study on the occurrence mechanism, the character improvement of astringent seeds, and the production of seed orchards. [Method] The influencing factors, morphological structure, composition, physiology and biochemistry, and molecular biology of astringent seed formation were reviewed. [Result] The formation of astringent seeds is influenced by internal and external factors. The occurrence of astringent seeds can be divided into two stages: embryo abortion and astringent material accumulation. The main metabolic characteristics include an obvious decrease in the content of organic macromolecules, an obvious increase of flavonoid-polyphenolic metabolites, and some physiological phenomena such as a decrease in oxidase activity, an increase in lipase activity, and an increase in cell membrane permeability. In addition, some genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis are abnormally expressed in astringent seeds. [Conclusion] Astringent seeds restricts the yield and quality of the seed orchards of Chinese fir. The occurrence mechanism of Chinese fir astringent seeds is still unclear, and further in-depth research in conjunction with modern advanced technology is still needed.更多还原