【摘要】 对生活消费系统动态物质流进行定量分析有助于确定消费结构调整的重点。研究采用物质流分析方法估算1990-2015年中国居民生活消费系统物质流状况及其结构,并联合人口指标、收入指标考察生活消费资源利用情况和污染排放强度,根据物质减量分解模型,将物质减量分解为增长效应、反弹效应和减量效应。研究结果表明:生活消费系统物质流总量指标的变化呈增长态势,住宅建设、交通工具和生活中资源利用是系统减物质化的重点,减少生活污水、生活垃圾排放是减轻生态环境压力必由之路,生活消费系统的物质输入强度呈缓慢上升伴波动态势;物质减量分解结果表明,多数年份的生活消费实现了物质投入减量化且系统处于强、弱可持续交替出现的状态,我国居民消费水平与环境压力的关系整体上看处于脱钩阶段。更多还原

【Abstract】 The quantification of dynamic material flow in household consumption will helpto determine the focus of consumption structure adjustment.This paper estimated the dynamic material flow and its structure of residentconsumption in China between 1990 and 2015 with material flow analysis,combined population index and income index to examine the link between life consumptionresources utilization and the intensity of pollution emission.and it also decomposematerial reduction into increase,resilience and reduction effects with the material reduction decomposition model.The results show thatthe change of the total material flow index of the living consumption system is increasing,;the utilization of housing construction,transportation and resources in daily life is the focus of the system’s material reduction,the utilization of housing construction,transportation and resources in daily life is the focus of the system’s material reduction,; and the reduction of household sewage and residentgarbage is the essentialwayto reducethe pressure on ecological environment.The material input intensity ofofliving consumption is slowly rising with fluctuation..The results ofmaterial decrement decomposition analyses reveal that in most years of living consumption,material input hasbeen reduced,and the system is in a state of strong and weak sustainability.Overall,the relationship between residentconsumption level and environmental pressure is in a decoupling stage.更多还原