【摘要】 溴乙烷的制备是一个遵循SN₂双分子亲核取代反应机理的经典有机合成实验,但在实际教学中发现,如果按照教材要求进行该实验,则得到的溴乙烷产率偏低。为了提高溴乙烷产率,实验通过改变实验装置和反应物的用量（水和溴化钠的用量）,研究了实验装置、反应物用量对溴乙烷产量的影响,找出能使溴乙烷产量最高的实验操作方法和反应条件。当水量为13 mL、浓硫酸为19 mL、乙醇的体积为10 mL、溴化钠的用量为17 g,四者用量的质量比约为13:35:7:17,在此实验条件下效果最好,产物的产量约为7.8 g.折光率为1.4234。更多还原

【Abstract】 The preparation of bromoethane is a classic organic synthesis experiment that follows SN₂ bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism. However, in actual teaching, it is found that if the experiment is carried out according to the requirements of the textbook, the yield of bromoethane obtained is relatively low. In order to improve the yield of bromoethane, the experiment was carried out by changing the experimental devices and the amount of reactants（the amount of water and sodium bromide）, the effects of the experimental devices and the amount of reactants on the yield of bromoethane was studied to find out the experimental operation methods and reaction conditions that can maximize the yield of bromoethane. When the amount of water was 13 mL, concentrated sulfuric acid was 19 mL, the volume of ethanol was 10 mL, the amount of sodium bromide was 17 g, the mass ratio of the four was about 13:35:7:17, under these experimental conditions, the effect was the best, the product yield was about 7.8 g. The refractive index was 1.4234.更多还原