【摘要】 【目的】研究中药提取物及其组方对小鼠维生素A急性中毒早期的治疗效果,为动物维生素A急性中毒提供有效的治疗手段,进而促进伴侣动物医疗的健康发展。【方法】选取健康成年昆明种小鼠一次性腹腔注射维生素A(按1500 mg/kg计)建立维生素A中毒致骨骼发育不良综合症小鼠模型,4周后采集血液测定生化指标。将维生素A急性中毒小鼠随机分成6组(T1～T6)进行治疗:T1组为空白对照组(不给药);T2组为10.0 mL/kg赶黄草水粗提物;T3组为1.0 mL/kg波棱瓜子粗提油;T4组为5.0 m L/kg赶黄草水粗提物+0.5 mL/kg波棱瓜子粗提油;T5组为5.0 mL/kg赶黄草水粗提物+0.5 mL/kg波棱瓜子粗提油+1.0 g/kg黄芪多糖;T6组为阳性对照,安宫牛黄丸(1/3粒,约1 g)。各给药处理组均连续灌胃给药7 d。在开始给药的第2、4、6和8 d分别采集小鼠静脉血制备血清,用于谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)和甲状旁腺素(PTH)等血清生化指标测定。【结果】除T1组外,各给药处理组维生素A急性中毒小鼠的血清生化指标均发生明显变化,ALT、AST和ALP活性及Ca和P含量整体上均呈下降趋势,PTH含量则呈上升趋势。综合各项血清生化指标的变化趋势,可确定T5组的小鼠维生素A急性中毒治疗效果最佳,至给药第8 d,维生素A急性中毒小鼠血清ALT活性降至3.78 ng/mL,AST活性降至628.14 pg/mL,ALP活性降至2.35 ng/mL,Ca含量降至3.29 mmol/L,P含量降至1.62 mmol/L,而PTH含量升高到337.95 pg/mL。【结论】赶黄草水粗提物和波棱瓜子粗提油均能有效治疗小鼠维生素A急性中毒,两者联用效果更佳,尤其是与黄芪多糖配伍组合,其作用机理主要是通过修复肝功能及骨组织损伤来实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】To study the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine extract and components prescription on acute poisoning of vitamin A in early stage for mice,to provide effective treatment for acute vitamin A poisoning in animals,and to promote the healthy development of companion animal treatment.【Method】Healthy Kunming mice were selected and injected with vitamin A（calculated by 1500 mg/kg）intraperitoneally once to establish a model of bone dysplasia syndrome caused by vitamin A poisoning in early stage. After four weeks of treatment,blood was collected to measure biochemical indexes. The mice with dysplastic syndrome caused by vitamin A poisoning were randomly divided into six groups for cure（T1-T6）. T1 group was the control group without any treatment;T2 group was treated with 10.0 mL/kg crude water extract of Penthorum chinense Pursh. T3 group was treated with 1.0 mL/kg crude extract oil of Herpetospermum caudigerum. T4 group was treated with 5.0 mL/kg crude water extract of P. chinense+0.5 mL/kg crude extract oil of H. caudigerum;T5 group was treated with 5.0 mL/kg of crude water extract of P. chinense+0.5 mL/kg of crude extract oil of H. caudigerum +1.0 g/kg of Astragalus polysaccharide. T6 group was positive control,treated with Angong Niuhuang Pill（1/3 tablets,about 1 g）. All the medication groups were intragastric administered for 7 d. On the 2^nd,4^th,6^thand 8^th day of treatment,venous blood of mice was collected to prepare serum for determination of alanine aminotransferase（ALT）,aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,calcium（Ca）,phosphorus（P）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）and parathyroid hormone（PTH）.【Result】Except T1 group, the serum biochemical indexes of mice with acute vitamin A poisoning in other treatment groups were significantly changed,the activities of ALT,AST and ALP,the contents of Ca and P all showed a downward trend,and the content of PTH showed an upward trend. According to the change trend of serum biochemical indexes,it could be determined that the T5 group had the best therapeutic effect on acute vitamin a poisoning in mice. On the 8^thd of administration,ALT activity,AST activity,ALP activity,Ca content,P content and PTH content in mice with acute vitamin a poisoning decreased to 3.78 ng/mL,628.14 pg/mL,2.35 ng/mL,3.29 mmol/L,1.62 mmol/L respectively,and PTH content increased to 337.95 pg/mL.【Conclusion】Both the crude water extract of P. chinense and the crude oil of H. caudigerum can treat acute vitamin A poisoning effectively in mice,and the combination of them is more effective,especially in combination with A. polysaccharides. Its mechanism is mainly achieved by repairing liver function and bone tissue damage.更多还原