【摘要】 【目的】明确广西水稻地方品种核心种质抗稻瘟病情况,获得苗期广谱抗稻瘟病的优异种质资源,为广西水稻抗病育种提供抗源材料。【方法】采用7个广西稻瘟病菌优势生理小种(ZA9、ZA13、ZB1、ZB9、ZB13、ZC3和ZC13),对419份广西水稻地方品种核心种质采用喷雾接种法进行苗期稻瘟病抗性鉴定。【结果】供试419份广西水稻地方品种核心种质对7个稻瘟病菌生理小种的平均抗病级别为2.93～5.72,其中对ZC13(2.93)的抗性最高,对ZA13(5.72)的抗性最低。不同类型水稻对7个生理小种的抗谱比较结果显示,粳稻的平均抗谱(36.59%)高于籼稻(30.90%),二者间差异显著(P<0.05,下同);糯稻的平均抗谱(32.28%)高于粘稻(31.92%),二者间无显著差异(P>0.05,下同);桂中稻作区的平均抗谱最高(37.32%),桂南稻作区最低(29.48%),不同稻作区种质间的抗谱排序为桂中稻作区>桂北稻作区>高寒山区稻作区>桂南稻作区。7个生理小种的相关系数范围为-0.008～0.451,其中ZB9与ZA13和ZC3,ZC13与ZB13和ZC3间的相关系数较低,致病性无显著相关,其他生理小种间的致病性呈显著或极显著(P<0.01)相关。系统聚类分析将419份广西水稻地方品种核心种质分成7类,其中第Ⅱ类抗谱范围较广(14.29%～100.00%),平均抗谱最高(60.95%),可作为抗性育种的亲本和稻瘟病抗性基因挖掘的材料来源;第Ⅲ类抗谱范围最窄(0～14.29%),平均抗谱最低(2.96%)。【结论】获得14份对7个广西稻瘟病菌优势生理小种抗谱在80.00%以上的高抗品种,为稻瘟病抗病遗传育种及抗性基因定位提供了抗源材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】To find out the resistance of core collection of Guangxi rice landraces to rice blast,obtain excellent germplasm resources of broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast at seedling stage,and to provide the parent materials of resistance to rice blast for rice genetic breeding in Guangxi.【Method】Using seven physiological races of Guangxi dominant Magnaporthe oryzae(ZA9,ZA13,ZB1,ZB9,ZB13,ZC3 and ZC13),419 varieties of core collections of Guangxi rice landraces were inoculated with spray inoculation method to identify rice blast resistance at seedling stage.【Result】The average resistance level of 419 core collection of Guangxi rice landraces to 7 physiological races of M. oryzae ranged from 2.93 to 5.72,of which ZC13(2.93)was the highest and ZA13(5.72)was the lowest. The results showed that the average resistance spectrum of Japonica rice(36.59%)was higher than that of Indica rice(30.90%),and the difference between them was significant(P<0.05,the same below). While that of glutinous rice(32.28%)was higher than that of nonglutinous rice(31.92%),and there was no significant difference between them(P>0.05,the same below). The average resistance spectrum was the highest(37.32%)in the central Guangxi rice region and the lowest(29.48%)in the southern Guangxi rice region. The order of resistance spectrum among the germplasm in different regions was central Guangxi rice region>northern Guangxi rice region>alpine area rice region>southern Guangxi rice region. The correlation coefficients of7 physiological races ranged from-0.008 to 0.451,among which the correlation coefficients between ZB9 and ZA13,ZC3,between ZC13 and ZB13 and ZC3 were low,their pathogenicities were not significantly correlated. The pathogenicity of other physiological races had significant or extremely significant correlation(P<0.01). The core collection of 419 Guangxi rice landraces were divided into 7 groups by cluster analysis. The Ⅱ group had a wide range of resistance spectrum(14.29%-100.00%),the highest average resistance spectrum(60.95%),which could be used as parents for resistance breeding and the source of materials for blast resistance gene mapping. The Ⅲ group had the narrowest range of resistance spectrum(0-14.29%)and the lowest average resistance spectrum(2.96%).【Conclusion】The obtained 14 high resistant varieties with resistance spectrum of more than 80.00% to 7 dominant races of M. grisea in Guangxi provide rice blast resistant source materials for genetic breeding and resistance gene mapping.更多还原