【摘要】 目的了解北京市丰台区公共场所卫生状况,分析公共场所中存在的健康危害因素,为健康促进提供数据支持。方法 2015—2018年抽取北京市丰台区5类累计477家公共场所,按照《公共场所卫生检验方法》（GB/T 18204）进行采样及检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果共采集样本5 855份,检验合格5 528份,总体合格率为94.4%。其中,2017年最高,为98.1%; 2015年最低,为91.5%;不同年度之间样本合格率差异具有统计学意义（χ²=77.42,P<0.01）。共采集室内空气样本2 414份,合格2 289份,合格率为94.8%。共采集公共用品样本3 441份,合格3 239份,合格率为94.1%。一氧化碳、大肠菌群及金黄色葡萄球菌3项指标全部合格,其余4项指标(二氧化碳、PM₁₀、甲醛、细菌总数)均有不合格样本检出,合格率分别为99.5%、92.3%、90.1%和92.8%。购物场所室内空气中PM10的合格率高于住宿场所（χ²=23.68,P<0.01）,而甲醛的合格率低于住宿场所（χ²=20.28,P<0.01）。住宿场所、沐浴场所和美容美发场所的公共用品检测指标的合格率分别为:98.0%、97.7%和97.8%,差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.65,P>0.05）。3类场所的公共用品中细菌总数合格率的差异有统计学意义（χ²=21.80,P <0.01）,美容美发场所的合格率最低,为88.1%。结论丰台区公共场所整体卫生状况较好,但还应继续加强卫生监管,提高公共场所卫生状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives To understand the sanitary status of public places in Fengtai District of Beijing,analyze the health hazards in public places,and provide data support for health promotion. Methods From 2015 to 2018,a total of 477 public places were sampled from Fengtai District of Beijing,and samples were collected and determined according to GB/T 18204 Examination Methods for Public Places,and the result were analyzed statistically. Results From 2015 to 2018,5 855 samples were collected and 5 528 were qualified. The overall qualified rate was 94. 4%. There was a significant difference in the qualified rate,the highest was 98. 1% in 2017,and the lowest was 91. 5% in 2015. The qualified rate among different years were significantly different（ χ²= 77. 42,P<0. 01）. A total of 2 414 samples of indoor air were collected,of which 2 289 were qualified,and the qualified rate was 94. 8%. A total of 3 441 samples of public articles were collected,3 239 samples were qualified,and the qualified rate was 94. 1%. Carbon monoxide,coliforms,and Staphylococcus aureus were all qualified,and unqualified samples were determined in the rest four indexes( carbon dioxide,PM₁₀,formaldehyde,and total bacteria count) with qualified rates of 99. 5%,92. 3%,90. 1%,and 92. 8%,respectively. The qualified rate of PM10 in indoor air of shopping places was higher than that of dewelling places（ χ²= 23. 68,P<0. 01）,while the qualified rate of formaldehyde was lower than that of dewelling places（ χ²= 20. 28,P<0. 01）. The qualified rates of test indicators of public articles in dewelling places,bathing places,and beauty salons were 98. 0%,97. 7%,and 97. 8%,respectively,with no significant difference（ χ²= 0. 65,P>0. 05）. However,the qualified rates of total bacteria count of public articles in these three types of public places were statistically significant（ χ²= 21. 80,P<0. 01）,and the qualified rate of beauty salon of 88. 1% was the lowest. Conclusions The overall sanitary status of public places in Fengtai District was good,but the sanitation supervision should be strengthened to improve the sanitary status of public places.更多还原