【摘要】 【目的】明确不同种植方式对玉米生长、穗位叶生理参数、产量和籽粒品质的影响.【方法】以‘先玉335’和‘先玉047’为供试材料,分别设置等行距、宽窄行和‘先玉335’∶‘先玉047’=1∶1三种种植方式,研究不同玉米品种在不同种植方式下生长发育、生理参数、产量和籽粒品质的变化.【结果】‘先玉335’和‘先玉047’互作导致株高、茎粗和叶面积降低,干物质积累量较少,宽窄行种植模式下植株长势良好,干物质的积累增加且‘先玉335’高于‘先玉047’;穗位叶的叶绿素、可溶性糖和蛋白含量在‘先玉335’和‘先玉047’互作模式下降低幅度最大,但‘先玉335’等行距和宽窄行种植模式下可积累较多的碳水化合物,保证植株健壮生长且宽窄行优于等行距,SOD和POD酶清除活性氧的能力较强且‘先玉335’高于‘先玉047’,群体结构合理且GA₃和ABA互为消长,保证植株正常成熟;同样,宽窄行种植模式下的产量较高,对籽粒品质的改善也具有积极作用且‘先玉335’高于‘先玉047’.【结论】‘先玉335’宽窄行种植是最优的种植模式,可为当地高产栽培提供参考.更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 In order to clarify the effects of different planting patterns on growth,physiological parameters,yield and grain quality of maize.【Method】 The cultivars ‘Xianyu 335’ and ‘Xianyu 047’ were used as test material.Three planting patterns were set on equal row spacing,wide narrow row and ‘Xianyu 335’∶ ‘Xianyu 047’=1∶1,respectively.The changes of growth and development,physiological parameters,yield and grain quality of different maize cultivars were studied under different planting patterns.【Result】 The interactions between ‘Xianyu 335’ and ‘Xianyu 047’ decreased plant height,stem diameter,leaf area and dry matter.The wide narrow row planting pattern increased dry matter accumulation,‘Xianyu 335’ was higher than ‘Xianyu 047’.The interactions between ‘Xianyu 335’ and ‘Xianyu 047’ decreased significantly the content of chlorophyll,soluble sugar and protein in panicle leaves.The patterns of equal row spacing and wide narrow row accumulated more carbohydrates in ‘Xianyu 335’,and the wide and narrow row showed better in keeping strong growth of plants.The ‘Xianyu 335’ had a higher activity of SOD and POD than that of ‘Xianyu 047’.In addition,the plant structure was reasonable and GA₃ and ABA were mutually reinforcing to ensure normal maturation of plants.Meanwhile,the yield was higher under wide and narrow row planting pattern,which had positive effect on grain quality improvement,and ‘Xianyu 335’ showed better than ‘Xianyu 047’.【Conclusion】 It is suggested that ‘Xianyu 335’ in wide and narrow row is the best planting pattern,which can provide reference for high yield cultivation.更多还原