【摘要】 随着电力系统的去碳化和社会各部门的广泛电气化,电气新时代即将到来。为了充分发挥可再生能源的潜力,适应技术创新,培育新兴的产消者以及实现对纳米电网(nano-grid)、迷你电网(mini-grid)和微电网(micro-grid)的无缝衔接,电网需要像互联网一样智能。互联网建立在能够促进技术创新的分层架构上,它的智能分布在网络的各个层级上。本文分析了数据流和潮流之间的根本区别。当前电网的运营模式是由集中式电网运营商负责维持电网瞬时功率的平衡。新型分布式运营模式由各子电网共同承担维持瞬时功率平衡的责任并要求每个子电网维持其自身的功率平衡。基于这种新型运营模式,本文提出了一种像互联网一样智能的电网及其分层的网络结构和运营架构。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new era of electricity is dawning that combines the decarbonization of the grid with the extensive electrification of all sectors of society. A grid as smart as the internet is needed to harness the full potential of renewables, accommodate technology disruptions, embrace the rise of prosumers, and seamlessly integrate nano-, mini-, and micro-grids. The internet is built upon a layered architecture that facilitates technology innovations, and its intelligence is distributed throughout a hierarchy of networks. Fundamental differences between data flows and power flows are examined. The current operating paradigm of the grid is based on the conviction that a centralized grid operator is necessary to maintain instantaneous power balance on the grid. A new distributed paradigm can be realized by distributing this responsibility to sub-grids and requiring each sub-grid to maintain its net power balance. A grid as smart as the internet based on this new paradigm, as well as a hierarchical network structure and a layered architecture of operating principles, is presented.更多还原