【摘要】 【目的】福建宁德市山区水蜜桃产业对乡村产业振兴具有重要意义,但也面临生态保护与高效生产之间的矛盾。为寻求高效、生态的桃园绿色发展路径,深入理解生草管理模式对桃园生态经济系统的影响机制,本研究以村为研究尺度,科学评价典型桃园的生态经济效益。【方法】选择古田县赖墩村（桃园生草）、福安市虎头村（桃园清耕）,应用能值法综合比较2017—2018年两种栽培模式的桃园生态系统能值总投入、能值自给率、能值投资率、净能值产出率、环境负载率、可持续发展指数、能值反馈率。【结果】2017—2018年赖墩村和虎头村桃园的能值总投入分别为1.16×10¹⁶、2.36×10¹⁶ sej·hm^-2,能值自给率为0.166、0.102,能值投资率为5.030、8.823,净能值产出率为1.199、 1.113,环境负载率为0.425、 0.410,可持续发展指数2.822、 2.716,能值反馈率为0.072、0.026。虎头村桃园同步投入大量劳动力、有机肥和化肥保持较低的环境负载率。赖墩村桃园通过生草与就近施用沼液,提高能值反馈率,化肥能值投入减少57.2%,万元产值的能值消耗节约46.32%。【结论】桃园生草配施沼液是值得拓展与集成推广的高效低耗的绿色生产模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 An analysis on balancing the ecological and economic benefits of peach orchard operations was conducted at the poverty-stricken areas in Ningde, Fujian Province to evaluate the grass-growing vs. ground-clearing practices for sustainable peach cultivation at a village scale.【Method】 A method of analyzing emergy consumption was applied to compare the grass-growing（located at Laidun Village, Gutian County） and ground-clearing（located in Hutou Village, Fu’an County） modes practiced at peach orchards, in Fujian Province, by calculating indices of total emergy input（T）, emergy selfsufficiency ratio（ESR）, emergy investment ration（EIR）, emergy yield ratio（EYR）, environmental load ratio（ELR）, emergy sustainable index（ESI）, and emergy feedback rate（FYE）. 【Result】 The 2017–2018 indicators of the grass-growing and ground-clearing modes, respectively, were T at 1.16×10¹⁶ and 2.36×10¹⁶ sej·hm^-2, ESR at 0.166 and 0.102; EIR at 5.030 and8.823; EYR at 1.199 and 1.113; ELR at 0.425 and 0.410; ESI at 2.822 and 2.716; and, FYE at 0.072 and 0.026. The groundclearing peach cultivation at Hutou employed greater inputs on both labor and organic/chemical fertilizers to resulted in a slightly lower ELR than its counterpart. In contrast, at Laidun, where grass-growing and utilization of methane were applied,led to a significantly higher FYE than at Hutou owing to a reduced demand on chemical fertilizer and emergy inputs by 57.2%.In addition, a significant 46.32% saving on emergy consumption per 10 000 RMB output of the crop was realized at Laidun.【Conclusion】 Management of the peach orchard through grass-growing, combined with using methane liquid, has merits as an efficient and ecologically sustainable approach in the hilly villages of Ningde City.更多还原