【摘要】 该研究采用盆栽试验,探究不同土壤pH (4.5、5.5、6.5、7.5、8.3、9.5)对何首乌生长、生理特性及有效成分含量的影响,以明确何首乌种植的适宜土壤pH。结果表明:(1)何首乌在土壤pH 6.5～9.5时能正常生长,在pH 4.5和5.5时出现叶片枯萎脱落,少数不能存活;叶面积在pH 4.5～9.5范围内先增加后降低,并在pH 6.5和7.5达到高峰值,且显著高于其余处理。(2)在土壤pH 4.5～9.5范围内,何首乌叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,并在pH 6.5和7.5时达到峰值;叶片脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量总体上随pH升高呈降低趋势;叶片丙二醛含量随pH升高先降低而后增加,其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均随pH升高先升高后降低。(3)在土壤pH 4.5～9.5范围内,何首乌块茎有效成分含量随pH升高而降低,但均达到《中华人民共和国药典》标准,其中二苯乙烯苷含量和结合蒽醌含量分别为1.89%～5.41%和0.10%～0.25%;土壤pH为4.5时,何首乌块茎中二苯乙烯苷和总蒽醌含量达到最高,分别为5.41%和0.38%。研究认为,何首乌对土壤酸碱有一定的耐受性,但在进行何首乌人工驯化和种植时要尽量避免强酸性环境,且宜选择pH在6.5～8.3的中性至弱碱性土壤。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, we used pot experiment to explore the effects of different soil pH(4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 8.3, 9.5) on the growth, physiological characteristics and active component contents of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, in order to clarify the effect of soil pH on the growth of P. multiflorum and provide a theoretical basis for selecting suitable planting soil for P. multiflorum. The results showed that:(1) P. multiflorum could grow normally when the soil pH was 6.5-9.5, and the leaves wither and fall off at pH 4.5 and 5.5, and a few cannot survive. The leaf area first increased and then decreased in the range of pH 4.5-9.5, and reached high peaks at pH 6.5 and 7.5, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments.(2) Within the range of soil pH 4.5-9.5, the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of P. multiflorum showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and peaked at pH 6.5 and 7.5. The contents of proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein in leaves showed a decreasing trend as the pH increased. The content of malondialdehyde in leaves first decreased and then increased with the increase of pH. The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) all increased first and then decreased with the increase of pH.(3) Within the soil pH range of 4.5-9.5, the content of active components in the P. multiflorum tubers decreased with the increase of pH, but all reached the standards of the Pharmacopeia of the People’s Republic of China, and the contents of stilbene glycoside and bound anthraquinone were 1.89% ～ 5.41% and 0.10% ～ 0.25%, respectively. When the soil pH was 4.5, the contents of stilbene glycosides and total anthraquinones in the P. multiflorum were the highest, which were 5.41% and 0.38%, respectively. P. multiflorum had a certain tolerance to acid and alkali, but during the artificial training and planting of P. multiflorum, strong acid soil should be avoided as much as possible. It was advisable to choose neutral to weakly alkaline soil with a pH of 6.5 to 8.3.更多还原