【摘要】 通过野外样地调查和室内研究相结合的方法,对中国南方喀斯特地区藤本植物物种组成及其相关性状属性特征进行了系统研究。结果表明:该区藤本植物种类丰富,共有1 463种,隶属67科241属,其中裸子植物1科1属7种,被子植物66科240属1 456种,在被子植物中,双子叶藤本具有明显的优势,单子叶藤本处于次要地位。在科属构成中,单种科和单种属最多,成为该地区重要的建群种,但科的构成比较集中、属的构成相对分散;区系组成具有明显的热带性特征,温带成分占有重要地位;在攀援方式上,缠绕类最多,卷曲类、吸固类和搭靠类较少,与其他地区相比,吸固类比率明显较高,缠绕类比率相对较低;在生活型上,高位芽占有绝对优势,地上芽、地面芽、地下芽和一年生种类较少;叶的特征上,以小型叶、单叶、革质叶和非全缘叶为主;在有性繁育系统中,以两性花为主,单性花次之,杂性花最少,其中雌雄异株类比率较大;开花期和结实期表现出一定的季节性,但开花期主要集中5月–7月,以6月最多,而结实期主要集中8月–10月,以9月最多,开花期和结实期的最高峰避开了降水量最丰富的7月和气温最高的7、8月。总之,中国南方喀斯特地区藤本植物物种的多样性和生态学特征是该区域藤本植物对其复杂生境长期适应的综合结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 We systematically studied the species composition and attribute characteristics of related traits of lianas in the karst areas of south China by means of field surveys and laboratory studies. The results showed that there were 1 463 species of lianas in this area, belonging to 241 genera in 67 families. Among these were the gymnosperms, which belonged to 7 species in 1 family, 1 genera, and the angiosperms, which could be traced to to 1 456 species in 240 genera spread across 66 families. Among the angiosperms, dicotyledonous lianas were more abundant than the monocotyledonous ones. With respect to the constitution of families and genera, the monotypic families and monotypic genera are the most important constructive species in this area, but the family composition was relatively centralized and the genera composition was relatively dispersed. The flora exhibited marked tropical characteristics; however, the temperate components also played an important role. With respect to the climbing mode, the winding type was the most common, followed by the curling, sorption and attachment types. Compared with other areas, the sorption type was more prevalent than the winding type. With respect to the life cycle, high buds possessed absolute advantage, while the ground buds, underground buds, and annual species had fewer advantages. With respect to the leaf characteristics, the small, single, leathery, and incomplete leaves were dominant. In the sexual breeding system, hermaphrodite flowers were the most common, followed by unisexual flowers, while the least common were the hybrid flowers. The flowering and fruiting stages showed certain seasonality, but the flowering stage was attained mainly between May to July, with June being the peak, while the fruiting stage was attained between August and October, with September being the peak. The peak of flowering and fruiting stages did not occur in July, which has the highest precipitation, and in July and August, which have the highest temperature. In conclusion, the diversity and ecological characteristics of lianas in the karst areas of South China were the result of long-term adaptation of lianas to their complex habitats.更多还原