【摘要】 胶体纳米晶合成与控制策略主要从动力学方面考虑,一般要结合液相胶体成核生长理论和晶体生长理论来分析。本文首先从成核阶段、生长阶段和熟化阶段的控制方面阐述了胶体纳米晶形貌合成与控制。然后对于经典晶体学理论解释不了的现象,阐述了选择吸附机理、有效单体机理、取向连接机理等用来解释胶体纳米晶的合成机理。本文还对近年来发展的其他一些合成纳米材料的新机理或多种机理共同作用做了简要介绍。最后,对纳米晶合成与形貌控制的前景作了概述,认为定量和精准结构控制是纳米晶形貌合成与控制面临的巨大挑战和发展趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Synthesis and control strategy of colloidal nanocrystals are mainly concerned with dynamic factors. Generally, theory of nucleation of liquid phase colloids and crystal growth are considered. Firstly, the strategies on colloidal nanocrystalline synthesis and morphology control at the stage of nucleation, growth and ripening were reviewed in this paper. Secondly, selective-adsorption mechanism, effective-monomer mechanism and oriented-attachment mechanisms were briefly introduced for the phenomena that can not be explained by classical crystal growth theory. It was also introduced briefly the joint action of some new mechanisms or multiple mechanisms on synthesis of nano-materials in recent years. Finally, perspectives on future development of nanocrystalline synthesis and morphology control were presented. It is believed that quantitative and precise structural control is of great importance and will be a huge challenge and development trend in nanocrystalline synthesis and morphology control.更多还原