【摘要】 自1995年以来,中国遭受反倾销的诉讼数量都居于全球首位,这意味着中国企业面临着严峻的反倾销形势。然而,现有文献大多关注反倾销对中国出口贸易的不利影响,没有注意到这一严峻形势可能产生的"倒逼效应"。基于此,文章测算了2000-2013年中国企业的出口产品质量水平,并利用世界银行全球反倾销数据库,采用双重差分法分析了国外对华反倾销对中国企业出口产品质量的影响,试图从出口产品质量的视角揭示遭遇反倾销可能带来的"意外之喜"。研究表明:(1)中国企业在遭受反倾销后,确实会对其出口行为进行调整,从而推动出口产品质量的上升。(2)遭受反倾销对出口国产品质量的提升作用会受到企业特征和产品特征的影响,即反倾销前企业出口产品质量越低、企业生产率水平越低、产品替代弹性越大,则反倾销对企业出口产品质量的提升作用越大。(3)异质性分析表明,遭受反倾销后,中西部地区企业、单一产品或单一出口目的国企业、国内企业的产品质量提升较大。文章对于中国企业如何正视反倾销的影响,调整贸易策略,提高出口产品质量来趋利避害具有重要的启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 For a long time,China has been facing a severe anti-dumping situation. The number of antidumping lawsuits China has suffered for 23 consecutive years has ranked first in the world,accounting for24.68% of the global anti-dumping lawsuits. In addition,the global anti-dumping against China is discriminatory(Bao,2011),and European Union,the United States,and Japan have not recognized China’s market economy status,which will make it easier for them to initiate anti-dumping against China. Encountering antidumping will adversely affect China’s export,but it will also force domestic firms to make an aggressive trade strategy change. This paper examines the impact of anti-dumping on Chinese export quality,and attempts to reveal the possible "unexpected joy" of anti-dumping from a quality perspective. At the macro level,China is currently in a critical development period from a large to a strong manufacturing country. Understanding how anti-dumping affects Chinese export quality and its internal mechanism is vital to China’s economic development. At the micro level,how to deal with the adverse effect of anti-dumping,and how to achieve transformation,upgrading and high-quality development after anti-dumping are also issues that domestic firms need to be considered in depth.This paper studies the impact of anti-dumping on Chinese export quality from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. At the theoretical level,by combing and summarizing the existing literature,this paper believes that anti-dumping will improve export product quality through both demand and supply sides and show firm-level heterogeneity. Based on the theoretical analysis,two hypotheses are proposed. At the empirical level,this paper measures the quality level of Chinese firms’ export products from 2000 to 2013,combining with the anti-dumping database,and examines the impact of foreign countries’ anti-dumping measures on Chinese firms’ export product quality by using a difference-in-difference method.It comes to the following conclusions:Firstly,anti-dumping measures can improve firms’ export product quality. Secondly,the lower the firm’s initial export product quality,the lower the firm’s productivity level,and the bigger the product’s substitutional elasticity,the bigger the improvement of product quality after antidumping measures. With differential analysis,this paper further finds that firms located in middle and western regions comparing with firms located in the eastern region,single-product and single-export destination firms comparing with multi-product and multi-export destination firms,and domestic firms comparing with foreign firms,their export quality increases more after foreign anti-dumping.The conclusions obtained in this paper are helpful for a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of foreign anti-dumping against China from different perspectives. Although anti-dumping will reduce the export volume of Chinese firms,it will force domestic firms to make an aggressive trade strategy change,and force Chinese firms to improve the quality of export products,which has become the "unexpected joy" of encountering anti-dumping.更多还原