【摘要】 将同一批发育至15期的黑斑蛙卵块分成含100粒卵的小卵块,随机放入18个50 cm×30 cm×44 cm玻璃缸中,用木框棉网托举在水面下约1 cm处,光周期为12L∶12D,在水温18、21、24、27、30、33℃下孵化,每个梯度3个平行,测定其孵化率、25期的成活率、体质量、体长、尾长、体宽,记录各试验组胚胎发育阶段和对应发育时间,分析不同水温对各指标的影响。试验结果显示,在试验水温范围内,水温对黑斑蛙的孵化率无显著影响(P>0.05);随着水温升高,25期成活率呈先升后降的趋势,24～27℃成活率高于82.42%。25期黑斑蛙的体质量随水温升高而升高;体长、体宽、尾长随着温度的升高呈先升后降的趋势,在30℃时有最大值。随着水温的升高,黑斑蛙胚胎的发育速度逐渐加快。在33℃下,由15期发育至19期和25期分别需10 h和60 h,而在18℃下则需48 h和204 h。试验结果表明,黑斑蛙胚胎发育的适宜水温为24～27℃。更多还原

【Abstract】 The same patch eggs of frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus with the developmental 15 th stage were incubated in wooden frame cotton nets disposed in a 50 cm×30 cm×44 cm glass jar about 1 cm below the water surface at a density of 100 eggs per jar at water temperatures of 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, and 33 ℃, and photoperiod of 12 L∶12 D to investigate the effects of different water temperatures on the hatching rate, survival rate, developmental duration, and developmental parameters including body weight, body length, tail length, and body width of the frog embryos. The results showed that the frog larvae with stage 25 had increasing survival rate first and then decreasing survival rate with the increase in water temperature, with survival rate of over 82.42% at 24—27 ℃, without significant effect of water temperature on hatching rate(P>0.05). The body weight in stage 25 was shown to be increased with the increase in the test water temperature,and body length, body width and tail length showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase in temperature, with the maximum at 30 ℃. The embryo development rate was gradually accelerated with the increase in water temperature, and took 10 h and 60 h to develop from stage 15 to stages 19 and 25 at water temperature of 33 ℃, respectively, and 48 h and 204 h at 18 ℃. It is concluded that 24—27 ℃ is suitable water temperature range for embryo development of frog P. nigromaculatus.更多还原