【摘要】 GPS的运转依赖于绕地球旋转的卫星上的原子钟的精确性。所谓相对论性修正包括狭义相对论(SR)修正(-7μs/天)和广义相对论(GR)修正(45.9μs/天),故净增量为约38μs/天。相对论性预期是以时间延缓及引力势理论为基础的。在Lorentz理论中,时间延缓由动体的绝对运动引起。相对于静止的时钟,绝对速度大的时钟变慢;这是Lorentz以太论中的时间延缓。但在SR中用动体相对速度取代绝对速度,情况完全不同。Einstein是以不同观察者参考系的相对运动取代观察者与以太的关系,来解释长度缩短和时间延缓。因而产生了许多悖论质疑SR的自洽性,最著名的是P. Langevin于1911年提出的双生子佯谬。多年来的众多研究讨论显示,SR存在逻辑上的不自洽,亦缺少真正确定的实验证实。由此可以理解欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)的著名科学家John Bell在1985年所说的话:"我想回到Einstein之前,即Poincarè和Lorentz",此外,本文着重指出引力势概念在理论上和实践中都不那么重要,因为它缺乏实验基础。这与电磁学中的情况并不相同。众所周知,Maxwell方程组建筑在若干实验定律的基础上,电磁势概念很重要。然而类电磁引力场方程组不满足这条件,故它不被事实所支持。再者,Einstein引力场方程(EGFE)是GR理论的基本方程,但它的推导有假设和拼凑的作法。引力场的物理效果被认定由Riemann空间的度规张量体现,需要知道度规场分布的规律。但由于没有可作依据的实际观测知识,推导引力场方程就用猜测性的推理。基于这些理由,我们相信"没有相对论就没有GPS"的说法是错误的。GPS的时空结构其实与Galilei、Newton和Maxwell理论相同。更多还原

【Abstract】 The working of GPS depends on the accuracy of the atomic clocks of the satellites moving around the earth. The so-called relativistic corrections consists the SR correction(-7μs/day) and the GR correction( 45. 9μs/day). Then there are a net advance of about 38μs/day. The relativistic predictions are based on the theory of the time dilation and the gravitational potential.In Lorentz’s theory,time dialation caused by the absolute motion of moving body. This is the time dilation in Lorentz ether theory. In Lorentz’s opinion,clock moving relate to the ether run at slower rate,clock at rest in the ether run at normal rate,so it appear relatively faster than clock moving relative to the ether.,But in SR,the absolute velocity of moving body replaced by the relative velocity of moving body,the situation is different. Einstein interpreted length contraction and time dilation based on relative motion between observer’s frames,instead of between observer’s frame and the ether. Then,various paradoxes have been raised to question the consistency of SR,the most famous one is the twin paradox by P. Langevin in 1911. From the more discussions of view,SR is logically inconsistent,also does not have sure experimental evidence. Therefore. in 1985 the famous scientist of CERN,John Bell said: "I hope return the states before Einstein,i. e. return to Poincarè and Lorentz".In addition,it is especially pointed out in this paper that the concept of gravitational potential is not so important in theory and in practice,because it lacks experimental foundation. This is different from the situation in electromagnetics. We know that the Maxwell equations are based on several experimental laws,so the meaning of electromagnetic potential is very great. But the electromagnetics-like gravitational field equations do not satisfy this condition,and then the influence of gravitational potential is not supported by facts.In otherwise,the Einstein gravitational field equation is the basic equation of’ the GR theory,but its derivation has assumptions and patchwork. The physical effect of the gravitational field is reflected by the metric tensor of the Riemann space,and it is necessary to know the law of the distribution of the metric field. However,since there is no practical observational knowledge that can be relied upon,the gravitational field equation is derived using speculative reasoning.From these reasons,we believe that the statement "without Relativity the GPS would not work"is wrong. The spactime structure of GPS is the same as the one in Galilei,Newton and Maxwell’s theory.更多还原