【摘要】 于2016—2018年,在大田条件下,以高产中筋冬小麦品种济麦22为材料,设漫灌-对照(CICK)、漫灌-常量肥(CI-OPT)、微喷灌-常量肥(MI-OPT)、微喷灌-常量肥2(MI-OPT2)、微喷灌-减量肥(MI-80%OPT) 5个处理,研究微喷灌水肥一体化对冬小麦生育后期叶片生理特性及产量的影响。结果表明:与传统畦播漫灌相比,微喷灌水肥一体化模式具有更高的绿叶面积,对于不同叶位叶绿素的降解速度也有延缓作用,特别是对下部叶片的作用效果更显著;籽粒产量增加2.72%～4.71%,生育期间的总耗水量减少34.35～60.04 mm,水分利用效率提高11.73%～20.31%。在肥料总量减少20%条件下,微喷灌水肥一体化仍然具有较高的绿叶面积和叶绿素含量,有利于干物质积累和籽粒产量的提高。微喷灌水肥一体化是一种适合大田小麦应用的节水高产灌溉栽培技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 From 2016 to 2018,under field conditions,using the high-yield middle-gluten winter wheat variety Jimai 22 as material,five treatments were set as flood irrigation-contrast( CI-CK),flood irrigation-constant fertilizer( CI-OPT),micro sprinkler irrigation-constant fertilizer( MI-OPT),micro sprinkler irrigation-macro fertilizer 2( MI-OPT2),micro sprinkler irrigation-reduced fertilizer( MI-80%OPT) to study the effects of micro-sprinkler irrigation water and fertilizer integration on physiological characteristics of leaves and yield of winter wheat. The results showed that compared with the traditional border sowing and flood irrigation,the micro-sprinkler irrigation water and fertilizer integrated model had larger green leaf area,and also has delay effect on the degradation rate of chlorophyll at different leaf positions,especially the lower leaves. The grain yield increased by 2. 72% ～ 4. 71%,the total water consumption during growth period reduced by 34. 35 ～ 60. 04 mm,and the water use efficiency increased by 11. 73% ～ 20. 31%. Under the condition that the total amount of fertilizer reduced by 20%,higher green leaf area and chlorophyll content also could be obtained under the integration of water and fertilizer in micro sprinkler irrigation,which was conducive to the accumulation of dry matter and the increase of grain yield. Micro-sprinkler irrigation and fertilizer integration was a water-saving and high-yield irrigation cultivation technology suitable for field wheat application.更多还原