【摘要】 为全面了解山东省审定小麦品种的构成和品质状况,为优质小麦品种的选用推广和品质改进提供依据,现对1999—2018年山东省审定的125个品种的蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、吸水量和稳定时间进行分析。结果表明:湿面筋含量和吸水量的平均值较高,分别为33.68%和61.10%;籽粒粗蛋白含量居中,为13.67%;沉降值和稳定时间的平均值较低,分别为32.16 m L和5.40 min。5项指标全部达到强筋、接近强筋、全部达到中强筋、中筋和品质介于中筋和弱筋之间品种的比例分别为4.0%、4.0%、9.6%、32.0%和50.4%。沉降值和稳定时间较短、品质性状间不够协调是导致山东省审定小麦品种中筋偏弱、强筋和中强筋品种不足的重要原因。山东小麦品质改良的重点是提高沉降值和稳定时间,加强强筋、中强筋种质资源的有效利用,提高优质亚基比例,促进各品质性状的平衡发展;在综合考虑杂交亲本遗传背景的基础上,应结合优质HMWGS定向选择和品质筛选,提高育种成效。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to fully understand the composition and quality status of approved wheat varieties in Shandong Province,and provide bases for the selection,popularization and quality improvement of high-quality wheat varieties,the protein content,wet gluten content,sedimentation value,water absorption and stability time of 125 wheat varieties approved from 1999 to 2018 in Shandong Province were analyzed. The average values of wet gluten content and water absorption were high,which were 33. 68% and 61. 10% respectively; the content of crude protein in grains was medium,which was 13. 67%; the average values of sedimentation value and stabilization time were low,which were 32. 16 m L and 5. 40 minutes respectively. The proportion of the varieties whose the five indexes all reaching strong gluten variety standard,close to strong gluten variety standard,all reaching medium strong gluten variety standard,medium strong gluten variety standard,and between medium gluten variety standard and weak gluten variety standard was 4. 0%,4. 0%,9. 6%,32. 0% and 50. 4%,respectively. The low sedimentation value,short stability time,and the lack of coordination between quality characters were the main reasons for the weak medium gluten variety and the lack of strong and medium strong gluten varieties. The key point of wheat quality improvement in Shandong Province was to improve the sedimentation value and stability time,strengthen the effective utilization of strong and medium strong gluten germplasm resources,improve the proportion of high-quality subunits,and promote the balanced development of all quality characters; improve the breeding effect on the basis of comprehensive consideration of genetic background of hybrid parents,combined with directional selection and quality selection of high-quality HMW-GS.更多还原