【摘要】 "公因""反因"是桐城方氏易学的一对核心范畴。这对范畴并不像学界通常认为的那样,源于方学渐和方大镇父子。有充分的文献材料可以证明,它的发明权理当属于方孔炤。方以智在方孔炤的基础上,对这对范畴进行了系统的解释、发挥和推广,从而使它们成了统摄一切学问的基础。因此,"公因反因"说既是方以智自己理解天道人事、学术变迁甚至个人际遇的工具,也是我们进入他的思想世界的一条便利途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gongyin fanyin(lit., logic for commonality and oppositeness) was a pair of core categories in the Fang family’s scholarship on the Changes; it was not the case as many scholars asserted that it originated from Fang Xuejian(1540-1615) and his son Fang Dazhen(1560-1629). However, there are materials enough to demonstrate that its invention ought to be credited to Fang Kongzhao(1590-1655), i.e., Fang Yizhi’s(1611-71) father. On the basis of his father’s achievements, Fang Yizhi contributed to its systematic interpretation, expansion, and promotion, and made it a foundation threading through all disciplines. Therefore, not only was gongyin fanyin an instrument for Fang Yizhi to comprehend the Dao of Heaven, human affairs, academic transformation, and turns in life of each individual, but also a short-cut for us to enter into his world of thought.更多还原