【摘要】 以鄱阳湖流域典型稻田为研究对象,以"陆两优996"早稻为试材,采用多因素随机区组设计,研究了不同灌溉模式、施氮水平、追肥方式下水稻叶片SPAD值随生育进程的动态变化特征,分析了水氮耦合对叶片SPAD值和产量的交互作用以及水稻各生育期SPAD值与产量的关系,阐明了灌溉、施肥及追肥对水稻SPAD值和产量的影响机制。结果表明:灌溉模式和追肥方式对SPAD值的影响体现在生殖生长阶段,施氮量则体现在作物全生育期。施氮能显著提高SPAD值和产量,但氮肥对产量的贡献表现出边际效应。三次施肥方式能明显延缓SPAD值的下降,提高作物产量。灌溉模式、施氮量和追肥方式之间的交互作用不显著。提高乳熟期叶片叶绿素含量是水稻增产稳产的有效手段,从节水减排增产的角度,最优田间管理措施为W₁N₂F₂且维持乳熟期叶片SPAD值在37～40之间。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the paddy fields in the Poyang Lake basin were the research object, "Luliangyou 996" early rice was used as a test material, using multi-factor randomized block design, the dynamic change characteristics of the rice’s leaf SPAD values along with growth progression under different irrigation patterns, nitrogen application levels and topdressing methods were studied, the interaction of water-nitrogen coupling on SPAD values and yield and the relationships between SPAD values and yield in each growth stage were analyzed, and influence mechanism of irrigation, fertilization and topdressing on rice’s leaf SPAD values were expounded. The results showed that, the influence of irrigation and topdressing on SPAD values was reflected in the stage of reproductive growth, while the amount of nitrogen applied was reflected in the whole growth period. Nitrogen application can significantly increase leaf SPAD values and yield, but the contribution of nitrogen fertilizer to production showed marginal effects. The three-time fertilization method can significantly delay the decline of SPAD values and improve crop yield. The interaction between irrigation mode, nitrogen application rate and topdressing method was not significant. Improving the leaf chlorophyll content of the leaves during the grain-filling stage is an effective method to stabilize or even increase production. From the perspective of water saving and increasing yield, the optimal field management measures are W₁N₂F₂, and the leaf SPAD values in the grain-filling stage is maintained between 37～40.更多还原